Thermal comfort modelling of older people living in care homes: An evaluation of heat balance, adaptive comfort, and thermographic methods
Thermal comfort modelling of older people living in care homes: An evaluation of heat balance, adaptive comfort, and thermographic methods
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108550
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
C. Yi;C. Childs;C. Peng;D. Robinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Yi;C. Childs;C. Peng;D. Robinson
老年人比年轻人更容易受到温度的影响，舒适度指标往往是根据经验得出的。他们辨别冷暖的能力较差，那些经历了运动或神经障碍的人可能更难感知或传达他们的热感和偏好；将调节体温的责任推给了他们的照顾者。随着社会的老龄化，这种情况变得更加突出，因此越来越需要指导疗养院的热监管；确定是否可以放心地使用现有指标，或者是否需要扩大证据基础，以涵盖老年人的数据。为此，本文研究了三种用于老年疗养院居民热舒适建模的方法：(1)预测平均投票(PMV)；(2)自适应舒适；(3)长波红外热像(IRT)。基于先前实地调查的测量结果，我们的结果显示：(1)PMV原则上可以适用于老年人，但估计代谢率的程序已经过时，而且夏季条件往往是自由运行的；(2)适应性舒适性似乎很适合，并且还可以考虑适应性行动的反馈；(3)从上肢(手、手腕、前臂)的红外地图获得的皮肤温度差异，如果这些测量能够实际应用，有可能成为热舒适性的指标。然而，这三种方法在解释从痴呆症患者身上收集的热感觉的分布方面都存在局限性。
Older adults are more thermally vulnerable than the younger adults that comfort metrics tend to be empirically drawn from. They are less able to discriminate between warmth and cold and those that experience motor or neurological impairments may be less able to perceive or communicate their thermal sensation and preference; placing the onus of thermal regulation on their carers. This situation is accentuated as societies age, so that there is a growing need for guidance for the thermal regulation of care homes; to establish whether existing metrics may be used with confidence or whether the evidence base needs to be extended to encompass data from older adults. To this end, this paper presents a study of three approaches to thermal comfort modelling for older age care home residents: (1) Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), (2) Adaptive Comfort, and (3) long wave infrared thermography (IRT). Based on measurements from a previous field survey, our results show that (1) PMV can, in principle, be applicable to older people, but procedures for estimating metabolic rates are outmoded and summertime conditions tend to be free-running; (2) Adaptive Comfort appears to be well suited and can also consider feedback from adaptive actions; (3) The difference in skin temperature obtained from infrared maps of the upper extremities (hands, wrist, forearm) has potential as an indicator of thermal comfort, if these measurements can be practically deployed. However, all three approaches are limited in their ability to account for the distribution of thermal sensations collected from subjects with dementia.