Stability of cognitive vulnerabilities to depression: A short-term prospective multiwave study
Stability of cognitive vulnerabilities to depression: A short-term prospective multiwave study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.117.2.324
复制
发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Hankin, Benjamin L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hankin, Benjamin L.
三种认知脆弱性的稳定性——消极的认知方式、功能失调的态度和反刍——以及作为基准的抑郁症状被检查，以调查认知脆弱性是否稳定，是否有抑郁症的持久风险。一组青少年样本（6 -10年级）每5周完成这3种认知脆弱性和抑郁症状的测量，为期5个月，共4波数据。对样本总体和年龄亚组进行了平均水平和差异稳定性检查。消极认知风格表现出平均水平的稳定性，而反刍和功能失调态度表现出一定的平均水平变化。抑郁症状的绝对重测信度较高（平均r = 0.70），消极认知风格的绝对重测信度较高（平均r = 0.52），反刍（平均r = 0.28）和功能失调态度的绝对重测信度较低（平均r = 0.26）。结构方程模型表明，主要是持久的过程，而不是环境力量，对消极认知风格和功能失调态度的这些测试-再测试信度的模式做出了贡献，而持久和环境动力似乎都是反刍稳定性的基础。讨论了这些发现的理论和临床意义。
The stability of 3 cognitive vulnerabilities - a negative cognitive style, dysfunctional attitudes, and rumination-as well as depressive symptoms as a benchmark were examined to investigate whether cognitive vulnerabilities are stable, enduring risks for depression. A sample of adolescents (6th-10th graders) completed measures of these 3 cognitive vulnerabilities and depressive symptoms every 5 weeks for 4 waves of data across 5 months. Mean-level and differential stability were examined for the sample overall and by age subgroups. A negative cognitive style exhibited mean-level stability, whereas rumination and dysfunctional attitudes showed some mean-level change. Absolute magnitudes of test-retest reliabilities were strong for depressive symptoms (mean r = .70), moderately high for a negative cognitive style (mean r = .52), and more modest for rumination (mean r = .28) and dysfunctional attitudes (mean r = .26). Structural equation modeling showed that primarily enduring processes, but not contextual forces, contributed to the patterning of these test-retest reliabilities over time for a negative cognitive style and dysfunctional attitudes, whereas both enduring and contextual dynamics appeared to underlie the stability for rumination. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.