Associations between vision, hearing and tooth loss and social interactions: the JAGES cross-sectional study
Associations between vision, hearing and tooth loss and social interactions: the JAGES cross-sectional study
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DOI：
10.1136/jech-2020-214545
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Osaka, Ken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Igarashi, Ayaka;Aida, Jun;Osaka, Ken
研究背景由于视力、听力和牙齿的丧失而造成的交流困难对健康有着严重的影响。我们比较了这些因素之间的关联和归因的社会interaction.MethodsThis横断面研究的数据，从2016年日本老年学评估研究（n=22 295）对社区居住的人年龄>= 65岁在日本。因变量是会见朋友的频率，作为社会交往的衡量标准，少于每月一次被定义为较少的社会交往。自变量是自我报告的视力、听力（5分制李克特量表）和牙齿脱落（5类），“差”或“0颗牙齿”被定义为最差类别。以性别、年龄、教育程度、合并症、居住地区为协变量。使用Poisson回归分析和多重插补来估计每种状态的较少社会交往的患病率（PR）。随后，计算人口归因分数（PAF）来评估公共卫生影响。结果社交互动较少的参与者人数为5622人（26.9%）。在视力、听力和牙齿数量最差的人群中，社交活动较少的比例分别为48.7%、40.1%和32.0%。其相应的较少社会交往的PR分别为1.72（95%CI 0.97 ~ 3.05）、1.35（95%CI 0.99 ~ 1.85）和1.23（95%CI 1.10 ~ 1.37）。视力，听力和牙齿数量的总PAF分别为8.3%，5.0%和6. 4%.ConclusionSelf-reported视力，听力和牙齿脱落与较少的社会交往。这些损害的程度最大的是视力，其次是牙齿和听力损失。
BackgroundDifficulties in communication due to vision, hearing and tooth loss have a serious impact on health. We compared the association between and attribution of each of these factors on social interaction.MethodsThis cross-sectional study examined data from the 2016 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (n=22 295) on community-dwelling people aged >= 65 years in Japan. The dependent variable was the frequency of meeting friends as a measure of social interaction, and less-than-monthly was defined as fewer social interactions. The independent variables were self-reported degrees of vision, hearing (5-point Likert scale) and tooth loss (five categories), with 'poor' or '0 teeth' defined as the worst category. Sex, age, educational attainment, comorbidity and residential area were used as covariates. Poisson regression analysis with multiple imputations was used to estimate the prevalence ratios (PRs) of fewer social interactions by each status. Subsequently, the population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated to assess the public health impact.ResultsThe number of participants with fewer social interactions was 5622 (26.9%). Proportions of fewer social interactions among those with the worst vision, hearing and number of teeth categories were 48.7%, 40.1% and 32.0%, respectively. Their corresponding PRs of fewer social interactions were 1.72 (95% CI 0.97 to 3.05), 1.35 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.85) and 1.23 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.37), respectively. The total PAF for vision, hearing and number of teeth was 8.3%, 5.0% and 6.4%, respectively.ConclusionSelf-reported vision, hearing and tooth loss were associated with fewer social interactions. The magnitude of these impairments was largest in vision, followed by tooth and hearing loss.