Characterization of deposition from nasal spray devices using a computational fluid dynamics model of the human nasal passages
Characterization of deposition from nasal spray devices using a computational fluid dynamics model of the human nasal passages
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DOI：
10.1089/jam.2006.0531
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Miller, Frederick J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimbell, Julia S.;Segal, Rebecca A.;Miller, Frederick J.
许多研究表明，喷雾装置用于鼻腔药物递送的有效性有限，主要是由于鼻子前部的高沉积和清除。在这里，鼻腔喷雾行为进行了研究，使用实验测量和计算流体动力学模型的人鼻腔通道构建的磁共振成像扫描的健康成年男性。使用激光衍射、高速视频和高速火花摄影分析了18种市售鼻喷雾剂的喷雾特性。稳态，吸气气流（15 L/min）和颗粒运输进行了模拟测量喷雾条件下。模拟的沉积效率和喷雾行为与先前的实验研究一致，其中两项研究使用了基于这种鼻部几何形状的鼻部复制品模具。沉积分数（沉积颗粒的数量除以释放的数量）的20-和50-μ m的颗粒超过90%，在鼻子的前部的大多数模拟条件。当（1）使用两种粒度中较小的一种或两种喷雾速度中较低的一种时，（2）模拟喷嘴定位在鼻孔内1.0 cm而不是0.5或1.5 cm处，以及（3）存在吸气气流而不是不存在吸气气流时，预测的通过鼻阀的颗粒渗透得到改善。模拟还预测，在颗粒释放后延迟1秒以上出现正常吸气气流产生的结果等同于不存在吸气气流的情况。这些预测有助于通过更好地理解鼻气流和喷雾特性对鼻内颗粒输送的影响来更有效地设计给药装置。
Many studies suggest limited effectiveness of spray devices for nasal drug delivery due primarily to high deposition and clearance at the front of the nose. Here, nasal spray behavior was studied using experimental measurements and a computational fluid dynamics model of the human nasal passages constructed from magnetic resonance imaging scans of a healthy adult male. Eighteen commercially available nasal sprays were analyzed for spray characteristics using laser diffraction, high-speed video, and high-speed spark photography. Steady-state, inspiratory airflow (15 L/min) and particle transport were simulated under measured spray conditions. Simulated deposition efficiency and spray behavior were consistent with previous experimental studies, two of which used nasal replica molds based on this nasal geometry. Deposition fractions (numbers of deposited particles divided by the number released) of 20- and 50-mu m particles exceeded 90% in the anterior part of the nose for most simulated conditions. Predicted particle penetration past the nasal valve improved when (1) the smaller of two particle sizes or the lower of two spray velocities was used, (2) the simulated nozzle was positioned 1.0 rather than 0.5 or 1.5 cm into the nostril, and (3) inspiratory airflow was present rather than absent. Simulations also predicted that delaying the appearance of normal inspiratory airflow more than 1 sec after the release of particles produced results equivalent to cases in which no inspiratory airflow was present. These predictions contribute to more effective design of drug delivery devices through a better understanding of the effects of nasal airflow and spray characteristics on particle transport in the nose.