Changing the rules of the game: Determinants of successful electoral system change in Central and Eastern Europe
Changing the rules of the game: Determinants of successful electoral system change in Central and Eastern Europe
复制标题
改变游戏规则：中欧和东欧选举制度变革成功的决定因素
DOI：
10.1177/0192512112457195
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Philipp Harfst
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philipp Harfst
本文探讨了选举制度变革成功的条件。它提出了关于成功执行选举法修改提案的条件的四个假设。第一个假设反映了党派的自身利益，并假定较大的政党能够更好地实施其偏好的选举制度。第二个和第三个假设假定，选举制度的设计是出于工具的考虑，可以反映协商一致或多数民主的愿景。第四个假设借鉴了改革的时机，并指出，成功的改革只有在时间上与特殊的历史环境相对接近的情况下才有可能。一项宏观、定量的比较分析表明，控制较大的席位份额和高度的分裂结合在一起解释了中欧和东欧11个新民主国家成功实施选举法的原因。四个案例研究证实了这一结果。
This article explores the conditions of successful electoral system change. It develops four hypotheses on the conditions of the successful implementation of proposals to modify electoral laws. The first hypothesis reflects partisan self-interest and assumes that larger parties are better able to impose their preferred electoral institutions. The second and third hypotheses presume that electoral system design is motivated by instrumental considerations that can either reflect consensual or majoritarian visions of democracy. A fourth hypothesis draws on the timing of reforms and states that successful reform is possible only in relative temporal proximity to extraordinary historical circumstances. A macro, quantitative comparative analysis shows that both the control of larger seat shares and high levels of fragmentation in conjunction explain the successful implementation of electoral laws in 11 new democracies in Central and Eastern Europe. This result is corroborated by four case studies.