Urban network gridlock: Theory, characteristics, and dynamics
Urban network gridlock: Theory, characteristics, and dynamics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trc.2013.07.002
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Zockaie, Ali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mahmassani, Hani S.;Saberi, Meead;Zockaie, Ali
本研究探讨了大规模复杂城市道路网络在严重拥堵条件下全网交通流关系的极限特性，并在实际大型网络上进行了动态交通分配(DTA)实验。主要目标是描述僵局的特征并了解其动态。这项研究解决了文献中关于出口流量和恢复期的存在的一个空白。一维理论网络基本图(NFD)只表示稳态行为，仅当输入在时间上缓慢变化且流量在空间上均匀分布时才成立。此外，它也没有描述网络流量在拥塞形成或网络恢复时的滞后行为。因此，提出了一个模型，当齐性和稳态条件不成立时，可以再现滞后和僵局。推测网络平均流量可以近似为网络平均密度和链路密度变化的非线性函数。建议的模型针对芝加哥中央商务区(CBD)网络进行了校准。我们还表明，具有多个路径选择的复杂城市网络，类似于先前文献中测试的理想化网络，往往在小于理论平均网络拥塞密度的范围内发生拥塞。此外，还证明了在不同的配置下，网络往往会以多种不同的方式陷入僵局。这项研究探讨了如何通过管理车辆积累和通过需求管理和传播实时出行者信息(自适应驾驶)等策略重新分配网络交通，来改善城市街道网络的机动性。因此，这项研究定义和探索了城市街道网络堵塞的一些关键特征和动态，包括堵塞的形成、传播、恢复、大小等。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
This study explores the limiting properties of network-wide traffic flow relations under heavily congested conditions in a large-scale complex urban street network; these limiting conditions are emulated in the context of dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) experiments on an actual large network. The primary objectives are to characterize gridlock and understand its dynamics. This study addresses a gap in the literature with regard to the existence of exit flow and recovery period. The one-dimensional theoretical Network Fundamental Diagram (NFD) only represents steady-state behavior and holds only when the inputs change slowly in time and traffic is distributed homogenously in space. Also, it does not describe the hysteretic behavior of the network traffic when a gridlock forms or when network recovers. Thus, a model is proposed to reproduce hysteresis and gridlock when homogeneity and steady-state conditions do not hold. It is conjectured that the network average flow can be approximated as a non-linear function of network average density and variation in link densities. The proposed model is calibrated for the Chicago Central Business District (CBD) network. We also show that complex urban networks with multiple route choices, similar to the idealized network tested previously in the literature, tend to jam at a range of densities that are smaller than the theoretical average network jam density. Also it is demonstrated that networks tend to gridlock in many different ways with different configurations. This study examines how mobility of urban street networks could be improved by managing vehicle accumulation and redistributing network traffic via strategies such as demand management and disseminating real-time traveler information (adaptive driving). This study thus defines and explores some key characteristics and dynamics of urban street network gridlocks including gridlock formation, propagation, recovery, size, etc. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.