Recent advances in liver stem cell therapy
Recent advances in liver stem cell therapy
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/mog.0b013e32833a6bec
复制
发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Brenner, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kisseleva, Tatiana;Gigante, Elia;Brenner, David A.
综述目的肝硬变患者经常需要肝移植，而肝移植仍是治疗终末期肝硬变的唯一有效方法。在这里，我们简要总结了目前基于肝内肝细胞移植治疗肝病的概念，这种肝细胞移植能够重新填充受损的肝脏。这些细胞包括肝细胞、卵圆细胞(双潜能肝内祖细胞)、骨髓造血和间充质干细胞以及诱导多能干细胞(IPS)。尽管肝移植仍是唯一的常规治疗方法，但肝细胞移植是一种实验方法，已成功应用于急性肝功能衰竭、慢性肝病合并终末期肝硬变的临床试验。在肝祖细胞和iPS领域已经取得了非凡的进展。肝脏前体细胞(卵圆细胞)被认为是受损肝脏中的双潜能前体细胞。在肝损伤动物模型中，它们可以迅速增殖，改变其细胞组成，并分化为肝细胞和胆管细胞，以弥补细胞的损失，维持肝脏的动态平衡。同样，iPS是从患者体内获得的体细胞，并在体外分化为肝细胞。IPS的未来研究旨在为体外扩增和体外分化体细胞为功能成熟的肝细胞提供特定的条件。综述定义并讨论了可用于肝细胞移植的不同类型的肝细胞，以促进肝硬变的治疗。
Purpose of reviewPatients with liver cirrhosis often require liver transplantation, which remains the only effective treatment of the end-stage cirrhosis. Here we briefly summarize the current concepts in treatment of liver diseases based on the transplantation of intrahepatic liver cells, capable of repopulating the injured liver. These cells include hepatocytes, oval cells (bipotential intrahepatic progenitor cells), bone marrow hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.Recent findingsAlthough liver transplantation remains the only conventional treatment, liver cell transplantation is an experimental procedure which has been successfully used in clinical trials in patients with acute liver failure, chronic liver disease with end-stage cirrhosis. Extraordinary progress has been made in the field of hepatic progenitors and iPS. Liver precursor cells ( oval cells) are recognized as bipotential precursor cells in the damaged liver. They can rapidly proliferate, change their cellular composition, and differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes to compensate for the cellular loss and maintain liver homeostasis in animal models of liver injury. Similarly, iPS are somatic cells obtained from patients and differentiated into hepatocytes in vitro. Future studies of iPS are designed to develop of specific conditions to expand and in vitro differentiate somatic cells into functionally mature liver cells.SummaryThe current review defines and discusses different populations of hepatic cells which can be potentially used for liver cell transplantation to advance the therapy of hepatic cirrhosis.