World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics
World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics
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DOI：
10.1093/humupd/dmp048
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Vogelsong, Kirsten M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cooper, Trevor G.;Noonan, Elizabeth;Vogelsong, Kirsten M.
精液质量在临床男科学、男性生育、生殖毒理学、流行病学和怀孕风险评估中被用作男性繁殖力的替代指标。生育人群精液参数值的参考区间可以提供可以推断生育预后或不育诊断的数据。来自四大洲14个国家的4500多名男性的样本来自对有生育能力的男性、生育状况未知的男性和被选为正常精子症的男性的回顾和前瞻性分析。其配偶怀孕时间(TTP)为12个月的男性被选为个体，以提供精液参数的参考分布。以下单方面的参考下限，第5百分位数(95%的可信区间)来自有TTP和Lt；12个月的男性：精液量，1.5毫升(1.4-1.7)；总精子数，每射精液3900万(33-46)；精子密度，1500万/毫升(12-16)；活力，58%(55-63)；渐进活动率，32%(31-34)；总(进行性+非进行性)运动能力，40%(38-42)；形态正常，4.0%(3.0-4.0)。参考人群的精液质量优于普通人群和正常精子症男性。这些数据代表了一些国家有生育能力的男性精液特征的合理参考分布。它们结合临床数据提供了一种适当的工具来评估患者的精液质量和生育前景。
Semen quality is taken as a surrogate measure of male fecundity in clinical andrology, male fertility, reproductive toxicology, epidemiology and pregnancy risk assessments. Reference intervals for values of semen parameters from a fertile population could provide data from which prognosis of fertility or diagnosis of infertility can be extrapolated.Semen samples from over 4500 men in 14 countries on four continents were obtained from retrospective and prospective analyses on fertile men, men of unknown fertility status and men selected as normozoospermic. Men whose partners had a time-to-pregnancy (TTP) of < 12 months were chosen as individuals to provide reference distributions for semen parameters. Distributions were also generated for a population assumed to represent the general population.The following one-sided lower reference limits, the fifth centiles (with 95th percent confidence intervals), were generated from men whose partners had TTP < 12 months: semen volume, 1.5 ml (1.4-1.7); total sperm number, 39 million per ejaculate (33-46); sperm concentration, 15 million per ml (12-16); vitality, 58% live (55-63); progressive motility, 32% (31-34); total (progressive + non-progressive) motility, 40% (38-42); morphologically normal forms, 4.0% (3.0-4.0). Semen quality of the reference population was superior to that of the men from the general population and normozoospermic men.The data represent sound reference distributions of semen characteristics of fertile men in a number of countries. They provide an appropriate tool in conjunction with clinical data to evaluate a patient's semen quality and prospects for fertility.