Fragile heroes. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-care workers in Italy.
Fragile heroes. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-care workers in Italy.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0242538
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Porcelli P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conti C;Fontanesi L;Lanzara R;Rosa I;Porcelli P
这项基于调查的研究旨在探讨意大利933名医护人员在COVID-19疫情期间的心理健康状况和心理护理需求。同时评估了社会人口学数据、COVID-19暴露、对心理护理需求的感知、抑郁、焦虑、躯体化和创伤后症状。大多数的样本（71%）遭受的躯体化和55%的困扰。女性护理人员经历了更高水平的焦虑（d = 0.50）和躯体化症状（d = 0.82），并表示他们需要心理护理比男性（p <0.001）。年轻的参与者（年龄<40岁）报告了更高水平的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和创伤后症状（效应大小范围为d = 0.22至d = 0.31）。在高感染地区（红区）和直接与COVID-19患者（前线）工作对参与者心理健康的影响较小。失去一名患者的卫生保健工作者报告了更高水平的抑郁（d = 0.22），焦虑（d = 0.19），创伤后症状（d = 0.30）和心理护理需求比那些没有相同经历的人（p <0.01）。认为需要心理支持的卫生保健工作者在所有心理量表中的得分均高于临床警戒水平（截止分数），范围从76%到88%不等。心理困扰（p <0.01）、焦虑（p <0.05）、抑郁（p <0.05）和身为女性（p <0.01）有助于解释心理护理的需求，占该样本方差的32%。这些发现指出了考虑COVID-19对意大利医护人员心理影响的重要性，并强烈建议建立心理支持服务，以提供充分的专业护理。
This survey-based study aimed to explore the mental health status and psychological care needs of 933 health-care workers in Italy during the COVID-19 outbreak. Sociodemographic data, exposure to COVID-19, perception of psychological care needs, depression, anxiety, somatization, and post-traumatic symptoms were concurrently assessed. The majority of the sample (71%) suffered from somatization and 55% of distress. Female care workers experienced higher levels of anxiety (d = 0.50) and somatization symptoms (d = 0.82) and stated they needed psychological care more than men (p < .001). Younger participants (aged <40 years-old) reported higher levels of somatization, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic symptoms (effects size range from d = 0.22 to d = 0.31). Working in a high infected area (red-zones) and directly with COVID-19 patients (front-line) affected the psychological health of participants to a smaller degree. Health-care workers who lost one of their patients reported higher levels of depression (d = 0.22), anxiety (d = 0.19), post-traumatic symptoms (d = 0.30), and psychological care needs than those who did not have the same experience (p < .01). Health-care workers who perceived the need for psychological support scored above the clinical alarming level (cut-off scores) in all the psychological scales, ranging from 76% to 88%. Psychological distress (p < .01), anxiety (p < .05), depression (p < .05), and being women (p < .01) contribute to explain the need for psychological care and accounted for 32% of the variance in this sample. These findings point out the importance to consider the psychological impact of COVID-19 on Italian health-care workers and strongly suggest establishing psychological support services for providing adequate professional care.
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