Regulation and functional role of the electron transport chain supercomplexes.
Regulation and functional role of the electron transport chain supercomplexes.
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DOI：
10.1042/bst20210460
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发表时间：
2021-12-17
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Enriquez JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cogliati S;Cabrera-Alarcón JL;Enriquez JA
线粒体是细胞中研究最详尽的细胞器之一，在过去的100年里，人们最关注的是线粒体电子传输链的组成部分。ETC从NADH或FADH2中收集电子，并通过多蛋白呼吸复合体(复合体I至IV)中的一系列电子载体传递给氧，从而产生一个电化学梯度，可被线粒体内膜上的F1-F0-ATP合成酶(也称为复合体V)用来合成ATP。ETC的组织和功能是一个持续的惊喜来源。最新的发现之一是，呼吸复合体可以组装形成各种更大的结构，称为超级复合体(SC)。这在这个众所周知的基本生物过程中开启了一个意想不到的复杂程度。这篇综述将集中于目前关于不同SC形成的证据，并将探索它们如何根据代谢状态调节ETC组织。由于这一领域正在迅速发展，我们也对用于描述这些SC的实验技术进行了评论，并希望这一概述可能会启发有助于推动该领域发展的新技术。
Mitochondria are one of the most exhaustively investigated organelles in the cell and most attention has been paid to the components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) in the last 100 years. The ETC collects electrons from NADH or FADH2 and transfers them through a series of electron carriers within multiprotein respiratory complexes (complex I to IV) to oxygen, therefore generating an electrochemical gradient that can be used by the F1-F0-ATP synthase (also named complex V) in the mitochondrial inner membrane to synthesize ATP. The organization and function of the ETC is a continuous source of surprises. One of the latest is the discovery that the respiratory complexes can assemble to form a variety of larger structures called super-complexes (SCs). This opened an unexpected level of complexity in this well-known and fundamental biological process. This review will focus on the current evidence for the formation of different SCs and will explore how they modulate the ETC organization according to the metabolic state. Since the field is rapidly growing, we also comment on the experimental techniques used to describe these SC and hope that this overview may inspire new technologies that will help to advance the field.