Behavioral/systems/cognitive Functional but Not Structural Networks of the Human Laryngeal Motor Cortex Show Left Hemispheric Lateralization during Syllable but Not Breathing Production
Behavioral/systems/cognitive Functional but Not Structural Networks of the Human Laryngeal Motor Cortex Show Left Hemispheric Lateralization during Syllable but Not Breathing Production
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通讯作者：
K. Simonyan;J. Ostuni;C. Ludlow;B. Horwitz
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作者：
K. Simonyan;J. Ostuni;C. Ludlow;B. Horwitz
喉运动皮层（LMC）是控制语音和歌曲产生的发声运动不可或缺的部分。该区域双侧病变的患者不能说话和唱歌，尽管他们的非语言发声，如笑和哭，被保留下来。尽管LMC在控制人类自发发声中的重要性，但描述其连接的文献仍然很少。我们使用扩散张量概率纤维束成像和基于功能磁共振成像的功能连接分析来识别控制语音产生所需的两项任务的LMC网络：自愿语音作为两个不同音节的重复，自愿呼吸作为受控的吸气和呼气。在所有的任务中，激活的峰值被发现在双边腹侧初级运动皮层彼此靠近。LMC在发声期间的功能网络，而不是在控制呼吸期间，显示出显着的左半球偏侧化（p <0.0005）。然而，与自主发声和控制呼吸相关的LMC结构网络具有双侧半球组织。我们的研究结果表明，存在一个共同的双边结构网络的LMC，不同的功能网络建立控制各种自愿喉任务。在控制呼吸过程中，功能性LMC网络的双侧组织支持其在所有类型的喉部行为中不可或缺的作用。在简单但高度学习的声音产生过程中，功能网络的左半球显著偏侧化表明LMC网络准备好产生复杂的自愿行为，如人类语言。
The laryngeal motor cortex (LMC) is indispensible for the vocal motor control of speech and song production. Patients with bilateral lesions in this region are unable to speak and sing, although their nonverbal vocalizations, such as laughter and cry, are preserved. Despite the importance of the LMC in the control of voluntary voice production in humans, the literature describing its connections remains sparse. We used diffusion tensor probabilistic tractography and functional magnetic resonance imaging-based functional connectivity analysis to identify LMC networks controlling two tasks necessary for speech production: voluntary voice as repetition of two different syllables and voluntary breathing as controlled inspiration and expiration. Peaks of activation during all tasks were found in the bilateral ventral primary motor cortex in close proximity to each other. Functional networks of the LMC during voice production but not during controlled breathing showed significant left-hemispheric lateralization (p Ͻ 0.0005). However, structural networks of the LMC associated with both voluntary voice production and controlled breathing had bilateral hemispheric organization. Our findings indicate the presence of a common bilateral structural network of the LMC, upon which different functional networks are built to control various voluntary laryngeal tasks. Bilateral organization of functional LMC networks during controlled breathing supports its indispensible role in all types of laryngeal behaviors. Significant left-hemispheric lateralization of functional networks during simple but highly learned voice production suggests the readiness of the LMC network for production of a complex voluntary behavior, such as human speech.