Enriching Load Data Using Micro-PMUs and Smart Meters

Enriching Load Data Using Micro-PMUs and Smart Meters
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使用微型 PMU 和智能电表丰富负载数据

DOI:
10.1109/tsg.2021.3101685
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
9.6
通讯作者:
Wang, Zhaoyu
Wang, Zhaoyu
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bu, Fankun;Dehghanpour, Kaveh;Wang, Zhaoyu

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在现代配电系统中,微型PMU可以完全捕获负载的不确定性,它可以记录高分辨率的数据;然而,在实践中,由于预算限制,微型PMU安装在配电网的有限位置。相比之下,智能电表被广泛部署,但只能测量相对低分辨率的能耗,这不能充分反映每个采样间隔内的实际瞬时负荷波动。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法来丰富只有低分辨率智能仪表的服务变压器的负载数据。我们的方法的关键是使用具有高分辨率和低分辨率数据源的服务变压器的训练概率模型来自动恢复被低分辨率数据掩盖的高分辨率负载数据,即,微型PMU和智能电表。该框架包括两个步骤:首先,针对具有微PMU的变压器,利用高斯过程获取智能电表每个低分辨率采样间隔内的最大/最小负荷与平均负荷之间的关系;采用马尔可夫链模型表征已知高分辨率负荷的转移概率。接下来,训练好的模型被用作只有智能电表的变压器的教师,将已知的低分辨率负荷数据分解成目标高分辨率负荷数据。丰富的数据可以恢复瞬时负荷不确定性,并显着增强配电系统的可观察性和态势感知。我们已经验证了所提出的方法,使用真实的高分辨率和低分辨率的负荷数据。
In modern distribution systems, load uncertainty can be fully captured by micro-PMUs, which can record high-resolution data; however, in practice, micro-PMUs are installed at limited locations in distribution networks due to budgetary constraints. In contrast, smart meters are widely deployed but can only measure relatively low-resolution energy consumption, which cannot sufficiently reflect the actual instantaneous load volatility within each sampling interval. In this paper, we have proposed a novel approach for enriching load data for service transformers that only have low-resolution smart meters. The key to our approach is tostatisticallyrecover the high-resolution load data, which is masked by the low-resolution data, using trained probabilistic models of service transformers that have both high- and low-resolution data sources, i.e., micro-PMUs and smart meters. The overall framework consists of two steps: first, for the transformers with micro-PMUs, a Gaussian Process is leveraged to capture the relationship between the maximum/minimum load and average load within each low-resolution sampling interval of smart meters; a Markov chain model is employed to characterize the transition probability of known high-resolution load. Next, the trained models are used asteachersfor the transformers with only smart meters to decompose known low-resolution load data into targeted high-resolution load data. The enriched data can recover instantaneous load uncertainty and significantly enhance distribution system observability and situational awareness. We have verified the proposed approach using real high- and low-resolution load data.
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