Robust habit learning in the absence of awareness and independent of the medial temporal lobe
Robust habit learning in the absence of awareness and independent of the medial temporal lobe
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DOI：
10.1038/nature03857
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发表时间：
2005-07-28
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Squire, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bayley, PJ;Frascino, JC;Squire, LR
习惯记忆被认为涉及刺激和反应之间的缓慢获得的关联，并依赖于基底神经节（1）。习惯记忆在实验动物中得到了很好的研究，但在人类中却知之甚少，因为人类强烈倾向于以意识（陈述性）知识的形式获取信息。在这里，我们表明，人类有一个强大的能力，逐步试错学习，运作以外的意识是什么学习和独立的内侧颞叶。我们测试了两名内侧颞叶大病灶的患者，他们没有陈述性记忆的能力。两名患者在数周内逐渐获得了标准的八对物体辨别任务，但在每次会话开始时都无法描述任务、指令或物体。获得的知识是严格组织的，当任务格式改变时，表现就会崩溃。
Habit memory is thought to involve slowly acquired associations between stimuli and responses and to depend on the basal ganglia(1). Habit memory has been well studied in experimental animals but is poorly understood in humans because of their strong tendency to acquire information as conscious ( declarative) knowledge. Here we show that humans have a robust capacity for gradual trial-and-error learning that operates outside awareness for what is learned and independently of the medial temporal lobe. We tested two patients with large medial temporal lobe lesions and no capacity for declarative memory. Both patients gradually acquired a standard eight-pair object discrimination task over many weeks but at the start of each session could not describe the task, the instructions or the objects. The acquired knowledge was rigidly organized, and performance collapsed when the task format was altered.