The prevalence and effects of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on the performance of workers: results from the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative
The prevalence and effects of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on the performance of workers: results from the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative
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DOI：
10.1136/oem.2007.038448
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Posada-Villa, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Graaf, R.;Kessler, R. C.;Posada-Villa, J.
目的：估计成人注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率和工作场所的后果：ADHD屏幕管理18-44岁的受访者在10个国家的调查，在世界卫生组织世界精神卫生组织（WMH）调查倡议（n = 7075在有偿或自雇;响应率45.9-87.7%的国家）。在美国进行了盲态临床再评价访谈，以校准筛选。使用世界卫生组织残疾评估表（WHO-DAS）测量角色的天数。问题也被问到ADHD treatment.Results：在10个国家的平均3.5%的工人估计，以满足DSM-IV成人ADHD的标准（四分位数范围：1.3-4.9%）。ADHD在男性中比女性更常见，在专业人员中比其他工人更不常见。与没有ADHD的其他类似受访者相比，ADHD与每年22.1天的过度角色表现丧失相关，具有统计学意义。职业、教育程度、年龄、性别或伴侣状况对这种影响的程度没有影响。这种影响在哥伦比亚、意大利、黎巴嫩和美国最为明显。虽然只有一小部分患有ADHD的工人接受过这种情况下的治疗，较高的比例共病精神/物质disorders.Conclusions：ADHD是一个相对常见的条件，在研究的国家工作的人，并与高的工作障碍，在这些国家。这种损害，加上低治疗率和具有成本效益的治疗方法的可用性，表明ADHD将是有针对性的工作场所筛查和治疗计划的良好候选人。
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and workplace consequences of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: An ADHD screen was administered to 18-44-year-old respondents in 10 national surveys in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative (n = 7075 in paid or self-employment; response rate 45.9-87.7% across countries). Blinded clinical reappraisal interviews were administered in the USA to calibrate the screen. Days out of role were measured using the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS). Questions were also asked about ADHD treatment.Results: An average of 3.5% of workers in the 10 countries were estimated to meet DSM-IV criteria for adult ADHD (inter-quartile range: 1.3-4.9%). ADHD was more common among males than females and less common among professionals than other workers. ADHD was associated with a statistically significant 22.1 annual days of excess lost role performance compared to otherwise similar respondents without ADHD. No difference in the magnitude of this effect was found by occupation, education, age, gender or partner status. This effect was most pronounced in Colombia, Italy, Lebanon and the USA. Although only a small minority of workers with ADHD ever received treatment for this condition, higher proportions were treated for comorbid mental/substance disorders.Conclusions: ADHD is a relatively common condition among working people in the countries studied and is associated with high work impairment in these countries. This impairment, in conjunction with the low treatment rate and the availability of cost-effective therapies, suggests that ADHD would be a good candidate for targeted workplace screening and treatment programs.