The palaeolithic occupation of Vogelherd Cave : implications for the subsistence behavior of late Neanderthals and early modern humans
The palaeolithic occupation of Vogelherd Cave : implications for the subsistence behavior of late Neanderthals and early modern humans
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旧石器时代对沃格尔赫德洞穴的占领：对晚期尼安德特人和早期现代人类生存行为的影响
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
L. Niven
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作者：
L. Niven
关于尼安德特人和早期现代人行为差异和相似之处的全球辩论正在升温。当辩论陷入僵局时，通常明智的做法是转向新的实证研究，以重新评估和/或重新解释现有的行为模型。尼文在《蒂宾根史前出版物》系列中的这一卷代表了对德国斯瓦本汝拉Vogelherd洞穴动物遗骸的权威研究。这本制作精良的书讨论了该遗址最重要的旧石器时代中期和晚期组合的地语学和考古学分析，提供了对长期选择的生存行为的精细见解。第一章将沃格尔赫德置于尼安德特人/现代人的辩论中。该遗址最著名的可能是它发现的一些最早的具象艺术品——用象牙雕刻的动物雕像。这些目前被认为是定义现代人类行为的关键要素。虽然不知道是哪个人类群体创造了有机工业，也包括骨头、鹿角和象牙工具箱，但很明显，斯瓦本汝拉是旧石器时代中晚期过渡时期文化创新的重要地区。这些动物群表明，这个洞穴被用来屠宰、加工和消耗猎物资源已经有数万年了。尼文带领读者详细讨论了Vogelherd、Lone Valley的研究历史，以及在过去一个世纪里对Vogelherd动物群的管理。这一背景为她的研究设计和结果展示奠定了基础。她的两个主要目标是：a)对Vogelherd旧石器时代的动物组合进行了全面而详细的总结，b)模拟了穴居的尼安德特人和现代人的生存行为。下一章将介绍该遗址的地理和地质背景。详细讨论了洞穴的地质情况，并附有几张剖面图。Vogelherd被置于年代地层格架中。这种定位突出了早期文档系统的问题，并提供了用于未来研究的更正部分。这次重新排列是一个值得注意的贡献，不仅对尼文自己对动物组合的研究，而且对未来对该地点其他材料的研究也是如此。综合表格和图表总结了从现场获得的放射性碳数据。相关的石器和有机人工制品组合，具象艺术品和人类化石
T global debate about differences and similarities between Neanderthal and early modern human behaviour is heating up. When debates reach deadlocks, it is often sensible to turn to new empirical work for re-assessment and/or re-interpretation of existing behavioural models. Niven’s volume in the Tubingen Publications in Prehistory series represents the definitive work on faunal remains from Vogelherd Cave in the Swabian Jura of Germany. This well-produced book discusses the taphonomic and archaeological analysis of the site’s most important Middle and Upper Palaeolithic assemblages providing refined insight into selected subsistence behaviours over time. Chapter One situates Vogelherd in the Neanderthal/ modern human debate. The site is probably best known for its finds of some of the earliest figurative artworks—animal figurines carved in ivory. These are currently considered key elements in definitions for modern human behaviour. While it is unknown which human groups created the organic industries that also include bone, antler, and ivory toolkits, it is apparent that the Swabian Jura was an important region for cultural innovation during the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic transitional period. The faunal assemblages suggest that the cave was used over tens of thousands of years for butchering, processing and consuming game resources. Niven takes the reader through a detailed discussion of the research history of Vogelherd, the Lone Valley, and the curation of the faunal assemblage of Vogelherd over the past century. This background sets the scene for her research design and presentation of results. Her two main goals are identified as; a) presenting a thorough and detailed summary of the faunal assemblages from the Palaeolithic horizons in Vogelherd, and b) modelling the subsistence behaviours of the Neanderthal and modern human occupations of the cave. In the next chapter, geographical and geological backgrounds are provided for the site. The geology of the cave is discussed in detail and several section drawings accompany the discussion. Vogelherd is placed in a chronostratigraphic framework. This positioning highlights problems with earlier documentation systems and provides a corrected section to be used for future research. This re-alignment is a noteworthy contribution, not only for Niven’s own work on the faunal assemblages, but also for possible future work on other material from the site. Comprehensive tables and graphs summarise the radiocarbon data obtained from the site. The associated lithic and organic artifact assemblages, figurative artwork, and human fossils