Age differences in personality across the adult life span: Parallels in five cultures
Age differences in personality across the adult life span: Parallels in five cultures
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.35.2.466
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Piedmont, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCrae, RR;Costa, PT;Piedmont, RL
美国的横断面研究和纵向研究都显示了大学年龄和中年之间的一致变化。在性格的5个主要因素中，神经质、外向性和开放性中的3个似乎有所下降，而宜人性和尽责性则有所增加。为了检验这些发现的跨文化普遍性，对德国、意大利、葡萄牙、克罗地亚和韩国的样本（N = 7363）进行了修订后的NEO人格清单的翻译。每个国家的男性和女性都有类似的年龄差异模式。在定义主要因素的更具体的特征上也可以看到共同的趋势。由于这些国家在文化和近代史上存在很大差异，因此研究结果表明，这些是成年人人格普遍的成熟变化。
Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the United States have shown consistent changes between college age and middle adulthood. There appear to be declines in 3 of the 5 major factors of personality-Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness-and increases in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. To examine cross-cultural generalizability of these findings, translations of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory were administered to samples in Germany, Italy, Portugal, Croatia, and South Korea (N = 7,363). Similar patterns of age differences were seen in each country, for both men and women. Common trends were also seen for the more specific traits that define the major factors. Because these nations differ substantially in culture and recent history, results suggest the hypothesis that these are universal maturational changes in adult personality.