CATEGORY-BASED INDUCTION
CATEGORY-BASED INDUCTION
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.97.2.185
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发表时间：
1990-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
SHAFIR, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
OSHERSON, DN;WILKIE, O;SHAFIR, E
一个论点是绝对的，如果它的前提和结论是这样的形式：C的所有成员都有属性P，其中C是一个自然范畴，如BURGCON或BIRD，P在前提和结论之间保持不变。例如，灰熊喜欢洋葱。所以，所有的熊都喜欢洋葱。这样一个论证在心理学上是强有力的，因为对它的前提的信念导致了对它的结论的信念。一个子类的范畴参数进行检查，并提出以下假设：一个范畴参数的强度增加（a）的程度，前提类别是类似的结论类别和（B）的程度，前提类别是类似的成员的最低级别的类别，包括前提和结论类别。基于这一假设的模型解释了13个定性现象和几个实验的定量结果。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
An argument is categorical if its premises and conclusion are of the form All members of C have property P, where C is a natural category like FALCON or BIRD, and P remains the same across premises and conclusion. An example is Grizzly bears love onions. Therefore, all bears love onions. Such an argument is psychologically strong to the extent that belief in its premises engenders belief in its conclusion. A subclass of categorical arguments is examined, and the following hypothesis is advanced: The strength of a categorical argument increases with (a) the degree to which the premise categories are similar to the conclusion category and (b) the degree to which the premise categories are similar to members of the lowest level category that includes both the premise and the conclusion categories. A model based on this hypothesis accounts for 13 qualitative phenomena and the quantitative results of several experiments.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)