Significant Mid‐ and Low‐Latitude Ionospheric Disturbances Characterized by Dynamic EIA, EPBs, and SED Variations During the 13–14 March 2022 Geomagnetic Storm
Significant Mid‐ and Low‐Latitude Ionospheric Disturbances Characterized by Dynamic EIA, EPBs, and SED Variations During the 13–14 March 2022 Geomagnetic Storm
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DOI：
10.1029/2023ja031375
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发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ercha Aa;Shunrong Zhang;P. Erickson;Wenbin Wang;L. Qian;X. Cai;A. Coster;L. Goncharenko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ercha Aa;Shunrong Zhang;P. Erickson;Wenbin Wang;L. Qian;X. Cai;A. Coster;L. Goncharenko
这项工作调查了2022年3月13日至14日中等但具有地球效应的磁暴期间美国地区的中低纬电离层扰动（π-日风暴），使用地基全球导航卫星系统总电子含量数据，电离层观测，以及来自全球尺度翼盘观测（GOLD），Swarm，国防气象卫星计划（DMSP），电离层连接探测器（ICON）我们的结果表明，这场温和但具有地球效应的风暴造成了许多大的电离层扰动，特别是风暴主相的动态多尺度电子密度梯度特征如下：（a）低纬赤道电离异常（EIA）表现出剧烈的风暴时间变形和重组，在那里，EIA波峰演变成明亮的赤道带1-2小时，然后迅速分离回典型的双峰结构，具有宽的波峰宽度和深的赤道槽。(b)强赤道等离子体泡（EPB）出现在异常高的纬度/高度延伸，达到地磁纬度30°，对应于倾角赤道上方2，600 km的Apex高度。(c)中纬度电离层经历了一个明显的风暴增强密度（SED）羽状结构与亚极光偏振流（SAPS）。这SED/SAPS功能显示了一个不寻常的时间变化，加强和减少了两次。这些不同的中低纬电离层扰动可以归因于电场扰动的暴时电动力学效应，沿着中性动力学和热层成分变化的贡献。
This work investigates mid‐ and low‐latitude ionospheric disturbances over the American sector during a moderate but geo‐effective geomagnetic storm on 13–14 March 2022 (π‐Day storm), using ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System total electron content data, ionosonde observations, and space‐borne measurements from the Global‐scale Observations of Limb and Disk (GOLD), Swarm, the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), and the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) satellites. Our results show that this modest but geo‐effective storm created a number of large ionospheric disturbances, especially the dynamic multi‐scale electron density gradient features in the storm main phase as follows: (a) The low‐latitude equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) exhibited a dramatic storm‐time deformation and reformation, where the EIA crests evolved into a bright equatorial band for 1–2 hr and then quickly separated back into the typical double‐crest structure with a broad crest width and deep equatorial trough. (b) Strong equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) occurred with an abnormally high latitude/altitude extension, reaching the geomagnetic latitude of ∼30°, corresponding to an Apex height of 2,600 km above the dip equator. (c) The midlatitude ionosphere experienced a conspicuous storm‐enhanced density (SED) plume structure associated with the subauroral polarization stream (SAPS). This SED/SAPS feature showed an unusual temporal variation that intensified and diminished twice. These distinct mid‐ and low‐latitude ionospheric disturbances could be attributed to the storm‐time electrodynamic effect of electric field perturbation, along with contributions from neutral dynamics and thermospheric composition change.