The use of multiple tracers for tracking wastewater discharges in freshwater systems
The use of multiple tracers for tracking wastewater discharges in freshwater systems
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使用多种示踪剂跟踪淡水系统中的废水排放
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
R. Kookana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mike Williams;A. Kumar;C. Ort;M. Lawrence;A. Hambly;Stuart J. Khan;R. Kookana
在评估淡水系统废水排放的潜在影响时，需要了解可能的稀释程度和潜在影响区域。在这项研究中，对废水流出物中常见的四种示踪剂进行了监测，以比较它们在确定淡水系统中可能受到废水排放影响的区域方面的相对有效性。所选择的四种示踪剂分别是人类药物卡马西平、人为Gd、荧光溶解有机物(FDOM)和电导率(EC)。四种示踪剂在两个接收废水的不同淡水系统中进行纵向监测，其中一个地点的污水稀释程度较高(污水占总流量的1%)，另一个地点的污水稀释程度较低(污水∼占总流量的50%)。在这两个地点，选定的示踪剂相对于未稀释的废水流出物，在排放点下游表现出类似的反应强度模式，尽管示踪剂之间注意到一些异常情况。EC和fDOM都不是人类影响所特有的，相对于高度敏感的卡马西平和人为的Gd反应，EC和fDOM的背景反应都很高，尽管EC和fDOM的测量容易使它们更适合于高度可变的系统。然而，卡马西平和Gd具有更高的灵敏度和选择性，这使得它们与EC和fDOM作为废水排放示踪剂的结合非常可取，以克服单独示踪剂的潜在限制。
The assessment of potential impacts of wastewater effluent discharges in freshwater systems requires an understanding of the likely degrees of dilution and potential zones of influence. In this study, four tracers commonly present in wastewater effluents were monitored to compare their relative effectiveness in determining areas in freshwater systems that are likely to be impacted by effluent discharges. The four tracers selected were the human pharmaceutical carbamazepine, anthropogenic gadolinium, fluorescent-dissolved organic matter (fDOM), and electrical conductivity (EC). The four tracers were monitored longitudinally in two distinct freshwater systems receiving wastewater effluents, where one site had a high level of effluent dilution (effluent <1 % of total flow) and the other site had a low level of effluent dilution (effluent ∼50 % of total flow). At both sites, the selected tracers exhibited a similar pattern of response intensity downstream of discharge points relative to undiluted wastewater effluent, although a number of anomalies were noted between the tracers. Both EC and fDOM are non-specific to human influences, and both had a high background response, relative to the highly sensitive carbamazepine and anthropogenic gadolinium responses, although the ease of measuring EC and fDOM would make them more adaptable in highly variable systems. However, the greater sensitivity and selectivity of carbamazepine and gadolinium would make their combination with EC and fDOM as tracers of wastewater effluent discharges highly desirable to overcome potential limitations of individual tracers.
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Young, Thayer A.;Heidler, Jochen;Halden, Rolf U.
通讯作者：
Halden, Rolf U.