A Comparative Study of Solar Active Region 12371 with Data-constrained and Data-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
A Comparative Study of Solar Active Region 12371 with Data-constrained and Data-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
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DOI：
10.3847/2041-8213/acb7f4
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Inoue;Keijin Hayashi;T. Miyoshi;J. Jing;Haimin Wang
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作者：
S. Inoue;Keijin Hayashi;T. Miyoshi;J. Jing;Haimin Wang
我们进行了两个基于数据的磁流体动力学（MHD）模拟的太阳活动区12371，它产生了M6.5耀斑。第一个模拟是完全数据驱动的模拟，其中初始条件由非线性无力场（NLFFF）给出。这NLFFF外推光球磁图约1小时前的耀斑，然后随时间变化的光球磁场施加在底面。第二个模拟也是一个数据驱动的模拟，但它在耀斑爆发之前停止在底部驱动，然后切换到数据约束的模拟，其中磁场的水平分量根据感应方程变化，而法向分量随时间固定。这两种模拟都导致了火山爆发，两种模拟都在火山爆发前产生了高度扭曲的磁力线，这在NLFFF中是没有的。爆发后，第一个模拟的基础上随时间变化的光球磁场继续产生剪切场线后，耀斑没有再现的现象，如postflare环路。第二个模拟很好地再现了与耀斑有关的现象。然而，在这种情况下，底部磁场的演化与观测磁场的演化不一致。在这封信中，我们报告了数据约束和数据驱动的MHD模拟的潜在优点和缺点，需要在未来的研究中加以考虑。
We performed two data-based magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations for solar active region 12371, which produced an M6.5 flare. The first simulation is a full data-driven simulation where the initial condition is given by a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF). This NLFFF was extrapolated from photospheric magnetograms approximately 1 hr prior to the flare, and then a time-varying photospheric magnetic field is imposed at the bottom surface. The second simulation is also a data-driven simulation, but it stops driving at the bottom before the time of flare onset and then switches to the data-constrained simulation, where the horizontal component of the magnetic field varies according to an induction equation, while the normal component is fixed with time. Both simulations lead to an eruption, with both simulations producing highly twisted field lines before the eruption, which were not found in the NLFFF alone. After the eruption, the first simulation based on the time-varying photospheric magnetic field continues to produce sheared field lines after the flare without reproducing phenomena such as postflare loops. The second simulation reproduces the phenomena associated with flares well. However, in this case, the evolution of the bottom magnetic field is inconsistent with the evolution of the observed magnetic field. In this Letter, we report potential advantages and disadvantages in data-constrained and data-driven MHD simulations that need to be taken into consideration in future studies.