Exploring Planting and Filter Media in Stormwater Bioremediating Landscapes: a Review
Exploring Planting and Filter Media in Stormwater Bioremediating Landscapes: a Review
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DOI：
10.1007/s11270-017-3524-0
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
James T. Funai;P. Kupec
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
James T. Funai;P. Kupec
雨水生物修复中的过滤介质建议含有大量沙子。渗透率、物理过滤、减少堵塞以及有机物中营养物质的浸出等研究支持了体积比超过 75%，满足工程规范。也许，高沙子比例正在导致大多数不适应这种沙质土壤的常见观赏景观植物产生不利的土壤生态系统。与粘土部分相比，大多数沙子的阳离子交换能力和保持植物可用水分的附着力较低。然而，由于粘土的物理尺寸较小并且容易堵塞过滤器，从而导致工程功能失效，因此粘土并不是雨水管理中的理想成分。许多研究通过寻找适合高沙含量的植物（从而适应低肥力和低植物可用水分）来解决这个问题。虽然这些研究可能提供适合此类花园的植物，但它们可能无法满足花园对公众的审美吸引力以及必须为这些系统提供服务的维护人员所熟悉的需求。通过强调高沙含量土壤混合物可能存在的缺陷，本综述揭示了需要通过解决整个生态系统来研究生物修复中的植物性能以及土壤微型和大型动物群落。雨水管理花园中使用的过滤器和种植介质应改善花卉和动物的健康，同时保持工程规格和美观要求。随着生态系统健康和活动的改善，这些花园可以持续更长时间、表现更好并且维护成本更低。
Filter media recommendations in stormwater bioremediation contain large ratios of sand. Ratios exceeding 75% by volume are supported by research into infiltration rates, physical filtration, reduced clogging, and leaching of nutrients from organics, satisfying engineering specifications. Perhaps, high sand ratios are causing hostile soil ecosystems for a majority of common ornamental landscape plants which are not adapted to such sandy soils. Most sands have lower cation exchange capacities and lower adhesion holding plant available moisture than clay fractions. Clay, however, is not an ideal component in stormwater management due to small physical size and tendency to clog filters causing failure of engineered functions. A number of studies have addressed this issue by seeking plants that are suited to high sand content (thus adapted to low fertility and low plant available moisture). While these studies may provide plants suitable to such gardens, they may not address the need for gardens to appeal esthetically to the general public and remain familiar to the maintenance crews which must service these systems. By highlighting possible shortfalls of high sand content soil blends, this review exposes a need for research in plant performance as well as soil micro- and macro-faunal communities within bioremediation by addressing the whole ecosystem. The filter and planting media used in stormwater management gardens should improve floral and faunal health while maintaining engineered specifications and esthetic requirements. With improved ecosystem health and activity, these gardens could last longer, perform better, and cost less to maintain.