Interference of irrelevant information in multisensory selection depends on attentional set
Interference of irrelevant information in multisensory selection depends on attentional set
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DOI：
10.3758/s13414-019-01848-8
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Frings, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jensen, Anne;Merz, Simon;Frings, Christian
在我们生活的多感官世界中，某些物体和事件比其他物体和事件更具相关性。在实验室中，这大致等同于目标和干扰物之间的区别。在选择的情况下，如侧翼任务，证据表明，多感官干扰的处理受到注意力的影响。在此，通过调节注意定势，在侧翼干扰任务中，在三个实验中，其中目标是unisensory，而分心物是多感官的研究多感官分心物加工。通过使目标模态可预测或不可预测来调节注意力集中（分别为实验1和实验2）。在实验3中，这种操作是在实验内的基础上实现的。此外，第三个实验将视听干扰物（在所有实验中使用）与具有中性模态中的一个特征的干扰物（即，触摸），这从来没有出现在侧翼任务的目标模态。结果表明，当目标模态是可预测的（即，阻塞）。然而，当一次又一次的尝试改变模态时，这种跨模态特征会显著影响信息加工。相比之下，具有中性跨模态特征的多感觉干扰物从未影响行为。这一发现表明，多感觉干扰的加工依赖于注意定势。当目标模态随机变化时，参与者在他们的注意集中包括来自两种模态的特征，并且不相关的跨模态特征，现在是集合的一部分，影响信息处理。相反，当跨通道干扰物特征不属于注意力集中时，它不会产生干扰。
In the multisensory world in which we live, certain objects and events are of more relevance than others. In the laboratory, this broadly equates to the distinction between targets and distractors. In selection situations like the flanker task, the evidence suggests that the processing of multisensory distractors is influenced by attention. Here, multisensory distractor processing was investigated by modulating attentional set in three experiments in a flanker interference task, in which the targets were unisensory while the distractors were multisensory. Attentional set was modulated by making the target modality either predictable or unpredictable (Experiments1vs.2, respectively). In Experiment3, this manipulation was implemented on a within-experiment basis. Furthermore, the third experiment compared audiovisual distractors (used in all experiments) with distractors with one feature in a neutral modality (i.e., touch), that never appeared as the target modality in the flanker task. The results demonstrate that there was no interference from the response-compatible crossmodal distractor feature when the target modality was predictable (i.e., blocked). However, when the modality was varied on a trial-by-trial basis, this crossmodal feature significantly influenced information processing. By contrast, a multisensory distractor with a neutral crossmodal feature never influenced behavior. This finding suggests that the processing of multisensory distractors depends on attentional set. When the target modality varies randomly, participants include features from both modalities in their attentional set and the irrelevant crossmodal feature, now part of the set, influences information processing. In contrast, interference from the crossmodal distractor feature does not occur when it is not part of the attentional set.