Toward predicting expressway closures due to blowing snow events
Toward predicting expressway closures due to blowing snow events
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coldregions.2020.103123
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
M. Inatsu;Seika Tanji;Yousuke Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Inatsu;Seika Tanji;Yousuke Sato
本研究的目的是提高估计吹雪事件预测高速公路封闭。2017年11月1日至2018年2月28日期间，在包括日本北海道在内的区域内，使用SCALE气象模型将网格分辨率为5 km的日本气象厅中尺度模型分析动态缩小至1 km。本研究以东日本高速公路公司经营的E5高速公路为对象，有限公司，在北海道，冬季吹雪导致能见度低，经常发生关闭情况。根据风速、气温和降雪强度之间的经验关系，以最低驾驶员能见度评估吹雪潜力。由于尺度缩小高估了风速，因此应用了简单的偏差校正。尺度的缩小产生了小规模的雪云条纹，导致了吹雪，尽管降雪点经常被错误定位。相比之下，中尺度模式分析没有产生这样的小尺度现象，因此，只有当降雪是由天气尺度扰动引起时，吹雪潜力才与关闭相匹配。
This study aimed to improve the estimation of blowing snow events for predicting expressway closures. The Japan Meteorological Agency mesoscale model analysis with a grid resolution of 5 km was dynamically downscaled to 1 km using the SCALE meteorological model in the domain including Hokkaido, Japan, in the period from 1 November 2017 to 28 February 2018. This study focused on the E5 expressway, run by East Nippon Expressway Co., Ltd., in Hokkaido, where closures frequently occur as a result of low visibility due to blowing snow in winter. The blowing snow potential was evaluated in terms of the minimum driver visibility estimated by an empirical relation among wind speed, air temperature, and snowfall intensity. Because the downscaling overestimated wind speed, a simple bias correction was applied. The downscaling produced small-scale snow cloud streaks that led to blowing snow, although snowfall spots were often mispositioned. In contrast, the mesoscale model analysis did not produce such small-scale phenomena, and thus the blowing snow potential matched closures only when the snowfall was caused by synoptic-scale disturbances.