Structure of full-length Drosophila cryptochrome.

Structure of full-length Drosophila cryptochrome.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature10618
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发表时间:
2011-11-13
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Crane, Brian R.
Crane, Brian R.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zoltowski, Brian D.;Vaidya, Anand T.;Top, Deniz;Widom, Joanne;Young, Michael W.;Crane, Brian R.

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光感受器的隐花色素/光裂解酶(CRY/PL)家族介导所有生命王国中对UV和蓝光暴露的适应性反应。PL主要在环丁烷嘧啶二聚体(CPD)的DNA修复和由UV辐射引起的6-4光损伤中起作用,而PL则是对生长、发育、磁敏感性和生物钟重要的信号。尽管有这些不同的功能,PL/PLs保留了一个共同的结构折叠,依赖于黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)和内部的光活化机制。然而,CRY/PL家族的成员在识别的底物(蛋白质或DNA)、催化的光化学反应和天线辅因子的参与方面不同。调节昼夜节律的动物神经元是如何作用于它们的底物的,这在很大程度上是未知的。P2P含有可变的C-末端尾,其附加保守的PL同源结构域(PHD)并且对于功能是重要的。在此,我们报告了一个2.3 μ m分辨率的果蝇CRY晶体结构与完整的C-末端。C-末端螺旋停靠在PL中结合DNA底物的类似凹槽中。保守的Trp 536突出到CRY催化中心,以模拟DNA光损伤的PL识别。在晶体中发现的FAD阴离子半醌假定构象,以促进尾部螺旋的重组。这些结果有助于协调CRY/PL家族的不同功能,通过展示保守的蛋白质结构和光化学如何被阐述成一系列光驱动的功能。
The Cryptochrome/Photolyase (CRY/PL) family of photoreceptors mediates adaptive responses to UV and blue light exposure in all kingdoms of life . Whereas PLs function predominantly in DNA repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs)and 6-4 photolesions caused by UV radiation, CRYs transduce signals important for growth, development, magnetosensitivity and circadian clocks. Despite these diverse functions, PLs/CRYs preserve a common structural fold, a dependence on flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and an internal photoactivation mechanism. However, members of the CRY/PL family differ in the substrates recognized (protein or DNA), photochemical reactions catalyzed and involvement of an antenna cofactor. It is largely unknown how the animal CRYs that regulate circadian rhythms act on their substrates. CRYs contain a variable C-terminal tail that appends the conserved PL homology domain (PHD) and is important for function . Herein, we report a 2.3 Å resolution crystal structure of Drosophila CRY with an intact C-terminus. The C-terminal helix docks in the analogous groove that binds DNA substrates in PLs. Conserved Trp536 juts into the CRY catalytic center to mimic PL recognition of DNA photolesions. The FAD anionic semiquinone found in the crystals assumes a conformation to facilitate restructuring of the tail helix. These results help reconcile the diverse functions of the CRY/PL family by demonstrating how conserved protein architecture, and photochemistry can be elaborated into a range of light-driven functions.
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