VASOPRESSIN AND CORTICOTROPIN‐RELEASING FACTOR: AN AXONAL PATHWAY TO PORTAL CAPILLARIES IN THE ZONA EXTERNA OF THE MEDIAN EMINENCE CONTAINING VASOPRESSIN AND ITS INTERACTION WITH ADRENAL CORTICOIDS *
VASOPRESSIN AND CORTICOTROPIN‐RELEASING FACTOR: AN AXONAL PATHWAY TO PORTAL CAPILLARIES IN THE ZONA EXTERNA OF THE MEDIAN EMINENCE CONTAINING VASOPRESSIN AND ITS INTERACTION WITH ADRENAL CORTICOIDS *
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加压素和促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子：含有加压素的正中隆起外带门静脉毛细血管的轴突通路及其与肾上腺皮质激素的相互作用*
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Paul C. Goldsmith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Earl A. Zimmerman;Margaret A. Stillman;Larry D. Recht;J. L. Antunes;P. Carmel;Paul C. Goldsmith
加压素在调节ACTH分泌中的生理作用已经争论了20多年。在20世纪50年代，有研究表明，实验性尿崩症大鼠对应激的肾上腺反应不足，可以通过给予含有血管加压素的垂体后叶提取物来纠正。然而，释放ACTH所需的加压素的外源性全身剂量比产生抗利尿激素的量大1000倍。6此外，由颈动脉内高渗盐水刺激的内源性激素释放与肾上腺皮质的激活无关。6除非加压素以非常高的浓度分泌到正中隆起外侧的垂体门脉系统中，由于与垂体后叶的途径不同，该激素似乎不太可能在调节促肾上腺皮质激素方面发挥任何正常作用。4 j这种途径受到怀疑，因为Gomori阳性纤维（例如将加压素输送到垂体后叶的纤维）经常被报道在带状物中不存在或稀缺，尽管Scharrer发现了一些，特别是在幼犬中。“此外，从下丘脑和垂体后叶提取的其他肽制剂比加压素更有活性，并且在释放ACTH方面产生不同的剂量反应8这些和随后的研究表明加压素不是促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF）。
A physiologic role for vasopressin in the regulation of ACTH secretion has been debated for more than 20 years.'-'< In the 1950s it was shown that a deficient adrenal response to stress in rats with experimental diabetes insipidus could be corrected by the administration of posterior pituitary extracts containing vasopre~sin.~, s However, the exogenous systemic dose of vasopressin required to release ACTH was a 1000-fold greater than the amount that produced antidiuresis.6 In addition, endogenous release of the hormone stimulated by intracarotid hypertonic saline was not associated with activation of the adrenal cortex.6 Unless vasopressin was secreted into the hypophyseal portal system in the zona externa of the median eminence in very high concentrations by a separate pathway from the one to the posterior pituitary, it did not seem likely that the hormone had any normal role in the regulation of ACTH.4j Such a pathway was doubted because Gomori-positive fibers like those transporting vasopressin to the posterior pituitary were often reported to be absent or scarce in the zona externa, although some were found by Scharrer, particularly in young dogs.' Furthermore, other preparations of peptides extracted from the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary gland were much more active and gave different dose-responses in releasing ACTH than did vasopressh8 These and subsequent studies have revealed that vasopressin is not the corticotropin-releasing factor(s) (CRF) .9-11 A number of peptide structures have been proposed for CRF but its struc-