Anxiety Trajectories in the Second Half of Life: Genetic and Environmental Contributions Over Age
Anxiety Trajectories in the Second Half of Life: Genetic and Environmental Contributions Over Age
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DOI：
10.1037/pag0000063
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Prescott, Carol A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Lewina O.;Gatz, Margaret;Prescott, Carol A.
临床上显著的焦虑症状在老年人中很常见，但关于焦虑症状在晚年的纵向过程的知识仍然很少。这项研究的目的是(A)表征状态焦虑症状在后半生的年龄轨迹，以及(B)估计个体在状态焦虑的年龄轨迹上的差异的遗传和环境贡献。这项研究基于瑞典收养/双胞胎老龄化研究的1482名参与者的数据，这些参与者第一次年龄在50岁及以上(512对完整的双胞胎，458个单身)，并在11年内进行了多达6次测量。与年龄相关情绪变化的终生发展理论一致，焦虑症状水平在从中年到60岁中期的过渡期间下降，随后温和上升，并在80年代逐渐稳定下来。焦虑的年龄轨迹有很大的个体差异。在考虑了性别、队列、测试模式和死亡近似度的影响后，这种纵向差异被划分为生物统计来源。非共同环境差异在60年代末最高，此后下降，而遗传差异从大约60岁开始加速增加。没有证据表明养育或其他共享环境对晚年焦虑症状的影响。这些发现突显了焦虑症状的病因从中年到老年是如何变化的。
Clinically significant anxiety symptoms are prevalent among the elderly, yet knowledge about the longitudinal course of anxiety symptoms in later life remains scarce. The goals of this study were to (a) characterize age trajectories of state anxiety symptoms in the second half of life, and (b) estimate genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in the age trajectory of state anxiety. This study was based on data from 1,482 participants in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging who were aged 50 and older at their first occasion (512 complete twin pairs, 458 singletons) and had up to 6 measurement occasions spanning 11 years. Consistent with life span developmental theories of age-related emotional change, anxiety symptom levels declined during the transition from midlife to the mid-60s, followed by a mild increase that gradually plateaued in the 80s. There were substantial individual differences in the age trajectory of anxiety. After accounting for effects of sex, cohort, mode of testing, and proximity to death, this longitudinal variation was partitioned into biometric sources. Nonshared environmental variance was highest in the late 60s and declined thereafter, whereas genetic variance increased at an accelerated pace from approximately age 60 onward. There was no evidence for effects of rearing or other shared environment on anxiety symptoms in later life. These findings highlight how the etiology of anxiety symptoms changes from midlife to old age.