Open syllable lengthening and diphthongisation in Upper Middle High German: evidence from verse

Open syllable lengthening and diphthongisation in Upper Middle High German: evidence from verse
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上中高地德语中的开音节延长和双元音化:来自诗句的证据

DOI:
10.1007/s10828-023-09145-3
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
The Journal of Comparative Germanic Linguistics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Booth J
Booth J
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--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Booth J

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尽管学术界对开音节延长(OSL)和中古高地德语(MHG)高元音的双元音化的相对年表(甚至起源)仍然不清楚。本文,借鉴正字法的证据,从十三世纪ParzivalMS,圣加仑,Stiftsbibliothek,鳕鱼。第857章对这两个关键的变化有了新的认识这些变化或维持或增加了重读元音的数量,导致MHG中重读音节数量的净增加。双元音化仅仅改变了已经很长的单元音的音段质量;只有OSL增加了它所影响的元音的数量。本文认为OSL不是南巴伐利亚鳕鱼方言的一个特征。857年的汉德三世,虽然他的方言肯定经历了双元音化。这很难与彭茨尔、克兰兹梅耶和维辛格的说法相一致,他们认为OSL在1200年就出现在巴伐利亚方言区。本文质疑双元音化是由OSL通过语音推链触发的说法,认为这两种变化是独立的。它还建议,抄写员是不感兴趣的标记元音的数量,这在没有OSL的情况下,仍然是一致的跨dupononal范式。相反,他用抑扬符“长度标记”来表示双元音的质量。因此,文士的方言代表了一个关键的转折点:双元音化进展顺利,但OSL尚未出现。
Despite a long history of scholarly interest, the relative chronologies (and even origins) of open syllable lengthening (OSL) and the diphthongisation of the Middle High German (MHG) high vowels remain unclear. This paper, drawing on orthographic evidence from a thirteenth-centuryParzivalMS,St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. 857, provides new insights into these two key changes. The changes either maintained or increased the quantity of stressed vowels, leading to a net increase in the quantity of stressed syllables in MHG. Diphthongisation simply altered the segmental quality of already long monophthongs; only OSL increased the quantity of the vowels it affected. This paper argues that OSL was not a feature of the South Bavarian dialect of Cod. 857’s Hand III, although his dialect had certainly undergone diphthongisation. It is difficult to reconcile this picture with claims by Penzl, Kranzmayer and Wiesinger that OSL was present throughout the Bavarian dialect area by 1200. This paper challenges claims that diphthongisation was triggered by OSL via a phonological push-chain, maintaining that the two changes were independent. It is furthermore suggested that the scribe is uninterested in marking vocalic quantity, which—in the absence of OSL—was still consistent across inflexional paradigms. Instead, he uses the circumflex “length marker” to indicate diphthongal quality. The scribes’ dialect thus represents a key turning point: diphthongisation was well progressed, but OSL had yet to occur.
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