INTER-PANDEMIC INFLUENZA IN HOUSTON AREA, 1974-76
INTER-PANDEMIC INFLUENZA IN HOUSTON AREA, 1974-76
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DOI：
10.1056/nejm197803162981103
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
COUCH, RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GLEZEN, WP;COUCH, RB
[在美国得克萨斯州休斯敦地区的]未来病毒学监测确定了两次流感流行，这是自1968年出现原型A/Hong Kong/68(H3N2)以来H3N2病毒的第5次和第6次暴发。1975年的疫情是由甲型流感/查尔默斯引起的，估计发病率为9%；第二次疫情是由甲型/维多利亚流感引起的，造成了爆炸性疫情，1976年的发病率估计为18%。发病率最高的是学龄前儿童，估计发病率超过30%。在两次疫情的早期阶段，学龄儿童中的病例占主导地位，旷课比其他非病毒学指标更早达到顶峰。这些观察结果支持流感在学龄儿童中迅速传播的概念，并表明，对该年龄段和其他可获得的、健康的人口进行预防，可能有助于控制流行性流感。
Prospective virologic surveillance [in the Houston, Texas, USA area] defined 2 influenza epidemics representing the 5th and 6th outbreaks attributed to H3N2 viruses since the prototype, A/Hong Kong/68 (H3N2), emerged in 1968. The 1975 epidemic was caused by influenza A/Port Chalmers and yielded an estimated attack rate of 9%; the 2nd, attributed to influenza A/Victoria, produced an explosive outbreak, with an estimated attack rate of 18% in 1976. The highest morbidity occurred in preschool children, with an estimated attack rate of over 30%. During the early stages of both epidemics there was a predominance of cases among school-aged children, and school absenteeism peaked earlier than other nonvirologic indexes. These observations support the concept of rapid dissemination of influenza among school children and suggest that control of epidemic influenza might be facilitated by prophylaxis for that age group and other accessible, healthy populations.