Autism and developmental abnormalities in children with perinatal cocaine exposure.
Autism and developmental abnormalities in children with perinatal cocaine exposure.
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围产期可卡因暴露儿童的自闭症和发育异常。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. Mitchell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Davis;I. Fennoy;D. Laraque;N. Kanem;G. Brown;J. Mitchell
各种形式的可卡因是孕妇首选的头号非法药物。回顾了70名在子宫内接触可卡因的儿童的记录，这些儿童被转诊到一家大型市中心医院进行发育评估，以确定是否可以辨别出特定的异常模式。患者接受体格检查，神经系统筛查，行为和发育评估的基础上格塞尔发育量表，丹佛发育筛查测试。通过病史获得特定药物使用的记录。转诊时的平均年龄（SEM）为19.2（1.7）个月。所有母亲都使用其中一种形式的可卡因，尽管多种药物的使用很常见。生长参数较低（中位数=第15百分位数）。观察到显著的神经发育异常，包括94%的儿童语言迟缓和极高的自闭症频率（11.4%）。孤独症的发病率很高，这在单独接触酒精或阿片类药物的儿童中并不常见，这表明可卡因具有特定的作用。
Cocaine in all forms is the number one illicit drug of choice among pregnant women. Records of 70 children with cocaine exposure in utero who were referred for developmental evaluation at a large inner-city hospital were reviewed in an effort to determine whether a specific pattern of abnormalities could be discerned. Patients received physical examinations, neurological screenings, and behavioral and developmental assessments based on the Gesell Developmental Inventory, and the Denver Developmental Screening Test. Documentation of specified drug use was obtained by history. Mean age (SEM) at referral was 19.2 (1.7) months. All mothers used cocaine in one of its forms, although polydrug use was common. Growth parameters were low (median = 15th percentile). Significant neurodevelopmental abnormalities were observed, including language delay in 94% of the children and an extremely high frequency of autism (11.4%). The high rate of autistic disorders not known to occur in children exposed to alcohol or opiates alone suggests specific cocaine effects.