Differential construal and the false consensus effect.
Differential construal and the false consensus effect.
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.59.4.623
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发表时间：
1990-10
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Thomas Gilovich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thomas Gilovich
人们自己的信仰、价值观和习惯往往会使他们对自己被广泛分享的看法产生偏见。本研究探讨了这种“虚假共识效应”是否部分是由于人们未能认识到他们的选择不仅仅是一个功能的“客观”的反应替代品，但他们的主观concerns这些替代品。研究1提供了初步支持的重要性，差分concurrency在人们的共识估计显示，更大的虚假共识效果往往会获得的项目，允许最大的自由度主观concurrency。研究二通过对学生提出同一问题的一般性或具体性的问题，重复了这一效应。更大的虚假共识效应，获得了一般版本，提供了更多的宽容的共识。研究3和研究4提供了进一步的支持，表明：（a）学生谁做了不同的选择倾向于解释的方式，反映了他们所做的选择和（B）主题谁被引导到替代品以同样的方式倾向于做出相同的选择。
People's own beliefs, values, and habits tend to bias their perceptions of how widely they are shared. The present research examined whether this "false consensus effect" is partly due to people's failure to recognize that their choices are not solely a function of the "objective" response alternatives, but of their subjective construal of those alternatives. Study 1 provided initial support for the importance of differential construal in people's consensus estimates by showing that larger false consensus effects tend to be obtained on items that permit the most latitude for subjective construal. Study 2 replicated this effect experimentally by asking Ss either a general or specific version of the same question. Larger false consensus effects were obtained on the general version that offered more latitude for construal. Studies 3 & 4 provided further support by showing that (a) Ss who made different choices tended to interpret the response alternatives in ways that reflected the choices they made and (b) subjects who were led to construe the alternatives in the same way tended to make the same choices.