Effectiveness of Dust Control Methods for Crystalline Silica and Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter Exposure During Manual Concrete Surface Grinding
Effectiveness of Dust Control Methods for Crystalline Silica and Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter Exposure During Manual Concrete Surface Grinding
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DOI：
10.1080/15459624.2010.527552
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Akbar-Khanzadeh, Mahboubeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akbar-Khanzadeh, Farhang;Milz, Sheryl A.;Akbar-Khanzadeh, Mahboubeh
混凝土研磨使工人暴露于不可接受水平的结晶二氧化硅粉尘中，已知会导致硅肺病和可能的肺癌等疾病。这项研究通过在封闭的工作场所实验室中模拟现场混凝土研磨，检验了主要暴露因素的影响和现有粉尘控制方法的有效性。在使用各种研磨机配件和现有粉尘控制方法（包括全面通风（GV）、局部排气通风（LEV）和湿磨）的201次混凝土研磨过程中对空气进行了监测。可吸入结晶二氧化硅的任务特定几何平均值（GM） LEV HEPA LEV Shop-vec 湿式和非受控研磨的粉尘浓度（mg/m(3)），而 GV 罐 Won 分别为 0 17/009 057/0 13 1 11/0 44 和 23 1/6 80 使用 100-125 mm（4-5 英寸）和 180 mm（7 英寸）磨杯的二氧化硅粉尘浓度（mg/m3）为 0分别为 53/0 22 和 2 43/0 56 二氧化硅粉尘的 GM 浓度显着降低 (1) GV 开启 (66 0%) 与关闭以及 (2) LEV HEPA- (99 0%) LEV Shop vac (98 1%) 或净 (94 4%) 与非受控研磨 LEV HEPA- LEV Shop 的可吸入悬浮颗粒物 (RSP) 浓度 (mg/m3) 的特定任务 GM真空湿法和非受控研磨，GV 关闭/开启时，分别为 1 58/0 63、7 20/1 15 9 52/4 13 和 152/478，使用 100-125 nun 和 180 nun 研磨杯的 RSP GM 浓度分别为 4 78/1 62 和 22 2/5 06，RSP 的 GM 浓度分别为(1) GV 开启 (70 2%) 与关闭以及 (2) LEV HEPA (98 9%) LEV Shop vac (96 9%) 或湿式 (92 6%) 与不受控制的研磨相比，二氧化硅粉尘和 RSP 不受 (1) 研磨表面方向（垂直与倾斜）(2) 净研磨的水流量 (3) 任务特定采样时间长度或 (4) 100 杯尺寸的显着影响115 或 125 mm 没有任何因素或控制方法的组合可将 8 小时暴露水平降低至低于 0.025 mg/m3 jiff 结晶二氧化硅的建议标准，需要在工程控制、管理控制或呼吸器的使用方面进一步细化
Concrete grinding exposes workers to unacceptable levels of crystalline silica dust known to cause diseases such as silicosis and possibly lung cancer This study examined the influence of major factors of exposure and effectiveness Of existing dust control methods by simulating field concrete grinding in an enclosed workplace laboratory Air was monitored during 201 concrete grinding sessions while using a variety of grinders accessories and existing dust control methods, including general ventilation (GV) local exhaust ventilation (LEV), and wet grinding Task specific geometric mean (GM) of respirable crystalline silica dust concentrations (mg/m(3))for LEV HEPA LEV Shop-vec wet- and uncontrolled grinding while GV tins Won were 0 17/009 057/0 13 1 11/0 44 and 23 1/6 80, respectively Silica dust concentrations (mg/m3) using 100-125 mm (4-5 inch) and 180 mm (7 inch) grinding cups were 0 53/0 22 and 2 43/0 56 respectively GM concentrations of silica dust were significantly lower for (1) GV on (66 0%) vs off and (2) LEV HEPA- (99 0%) LEV Shop vac (98 1%) or net (94 4%) vs uncontrolled grinding Task-specific GM of respirable suspended particulate matter (RSP) concentrations (mg/m3)for LEV HEPA- LEV Shop vac wet and uncontrolled grinding, while GV was off/on, were 1 58/0 63, 7 20/1 15 9 52/4 13, and 152/478, respectively GM concentrations of RSP using 100-125 nun and 180 nun grinding cups were 4 78/1 62 and 22 2/5 06, respectively GM concentrations of RSP were significantly loiter for ( 1) GV on (70 2%) vs off and (2) LEV HEPA (98 9%) LEV Shop vac (96 9%) or wet (92 6%) vs uncontrolled grinding Silica dust and RSP were not significantly affected by (1) orientation of grinding surfaces (vertical vs inclined) (2) water flow rates for net grinding (3) length of task-specific sampling time, or (4) among cup sizes of 100 115 or 125 mm No combination of factors or control methods reduced an 8 hr exposure level to below the recommended criterion of 0 025 mg/m3 jiff crystalline silica requiring further refinement in engineering controls administrative controls or the use of respirators