Seroepidemiological study of hepatitis B virus markers in Japan
Seroepidemiological study of hepatitis B virus markers in Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.034
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发表时间：
2015-11-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Wakita, Takaji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kiyohara, Tomoko;Ishii, Koji;Wakita, Takaji
背景：在日本，自1986年以来，选择性疫苗接种已作为B型肝炎预防策略实施。疫苗接种的对象是B型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性母亲所生的婴儿。日本目前的B型肝炎预防策略侧重于减少HBV携带者的数量，但忽视了易感人群的风险。我们在全国范围内进行了HBV血清流行病学研究，以探讨下一步B型肝炎的控制策略。我们使用2005年至2011年在全国范围内收集的健康人血清，调查了4-9岁和10-15岁儿童的HBsAg血清阳性率结果：3000份儿童血清中，HBsAg阳性5份，阳性率为0.17%。各年龄组HBsAg感染率无显著性差异。在600份样本中，15份（2.5%）为HBcAb阳性。在15个样本中，4个来自青少年。HBsAg和HBcAb阳性血清主要分布在日本南部地区。结论：本研究中儿童HBsAg的流行率为0.17%。这高于以前在当地或献血者中进行的研究报告的患病率。HBcAb的患病率也高于我们的估计。与以前的研究存在这种差异的原因之一可能是由于样本量小以及目前全国性研究中包括的HBV高流行地区的影响。然而，我们的研究结果显示，在易感人群中获得HBV感染的机会比我们想象的更频繁，特别是在某些地区。对易感人群应将B肝炎疫苗接种纳入儿童常规免疫规划，对高危儿童应继续实施选择性免疫规划。(C)2015爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Background: In Japan, since 1986, selective vaccination has been implemented as a hepatitis B prevention strategy. The target of vaccination is the infant born to a hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mother. The current Japanese hepatitis B prevention strategy focuses on reducing the number of HBV carriers but overlooks the risk to susceptible populations. We conducted a nationwide HBV seroepidemiological study to explore the next hepatitis B control strategy.Methods: We used sera derived from healthy individuals collected nationwide from 2005 through 2011 to investigate the HBsAg seroprevalence among children aged 4-9 years and 10-15 years (3000 samples) and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) seroprevalence among people 10-39 years of age (600 samples).Findings: Among sera from 3000 children, 5 (0.17%) specimens were HBsAg-positive. There was no significant difference in HBsAg prevalence between age groups. Among 600 samples, 15 (2.5%) were HBcAb-positive. Out of 15 samples, 4 were from teenagers. Both HBsAg- and HBcAb-positive sera were found mainly in the Southern area of Japan.Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg among children was 0.17% in the present study. This is higher than the prevalence reported in previous studies performed in the local area or in blood donors. The prevalence of HBcAb is also higher than we estimated. One of the reasons for this discrepancy from previous studies may be due to the small sample size and the impact of HBV high-endemic areas included in the present nationwide study. Nevertheless, our findings revealed that the opportunities for acquiring HBV infection in the susceptible population were more frequent than we thought, especially in some localities. Hepatitis B vaccination should be introduced into the routine child immunization program for susceptible populations, and the selective vaccination program should be continued for high-risk children. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.