Age-related changes in executive function: An event-related potential (ERP) investigation of task-switching
Age-related changes in executive function: An event-related potential (ERP) investigation of task-switching
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/13825580701533769
复制
发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Bersick, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman, David;Nessler, Doreen;Bersick, Michael
老年人有困难时，执行控制必须采取在线协调正在进行的行为。为了评估与年龄相关的执行过程的变化，在年轻人和老年人中比较了转换，转换后，转换前和无转换试验的任务转换性能和事件相关电位（ERP）活动，按执行过程的需求从最大到最小排序。在刺激锁定的平均值为年轻的成年人，只有开关试验引起额中央P3组件，指示任务集注意力的重新分配，而在老年人中，四个试验类型中的三个表现出额叶电位。在响应锁定的平均值，内侧额叶负波（MFN）的幅度，反映冲突的监测和检测的组成部分，增加作为一个功能的执行要求的年轻人，但不是那些老年人的ERP。这些数据表明，老年人的执行过程发生了变化，导致前额叶过程的持续招募，而这些条件在年轻人中并不需要。
Older adults have difficulty when executive control must be brought on line to coordinate ongoing behavior. To assess age-related alterations in executive processing, task-switching performance and event-related potential (ERP) activity were compared in young and older adults on switch, post-switch, pre-switch, and no-switch trials, ordered in demand for executive processes from greatest to least. In stimulus-locked averages for young adults, only switch trials elicited fronto-central P3 components, indicative of task-set attentional reallocation, whereas in older adults, three of the four trial types evinced frontal potentials. In response-locked averages, the amplitude of a medial frontal negativity (MFN), a component reflecting conflict monitoring and detection, increased as a function of executive demands in the ERPs of the young but not those of the older adults. These data suggest altered executive processing in older adults resulting in persistent recruitment of prefrontal processes for conditions that do not require them in the young.