Characteristics of low-income African-American and Caucasian adults that are important in self-management of type 2 diabetes
Characteristics of low-income African-American and Caucasian adults that are important in self-management of type 2 diabetes
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DOI：
10.1023/b:johe.0000016719.89848.b1
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Gaylord, CK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cox, RH;Carpenter, JP;Gaylord, CK
在美国，2型糖尿病的发病率大大增加，超过90%的人患有2型糖尿病。在参加食品券营养教育计划（FSNEP）的低收入白人和非裔美国成年人中，进行了一项横断面自我报告调查，目的是评估与2型糖尿病自我管理相关的特征（态度、某些行为和感知知识）。在研究期间，全州近11%的FSNEP成年参与者（457人）患有2型糖尿病。在接受研究采访的196名受试者中，86名是白种人（44%），100名是非裔美国人（51%）。结果显示，超过四分之三的受试者接受了饮食和锻炼方面的建议，但只有不到一半的人遵循了饮食建议，只有四分之一的人进行了足够的锻炼。两个种族组在评估特征上或按居住地分组的受试者之间没有发现显著差异（p小于或等于0.01）。受试者的特征之间存在显著相关性，包括感知健康状况、感知糖尿病知识、对糖尿病的态度、饮食计划依从性、感知身体活动障碍和报告的糖尿病控制（p小于或等于0.0001）。研究结果表明(a) 2型糖尿病的自我管理教育对非洲裔美国人与南部各州的高加索人来说并不需要不同；(b)当2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病有高度的了解，积极的态度，良好的饮食计划坚持，并且很少有体育活动的障碍时，可以实现最佳的疾病控制。
Incidence of type 2 diabetes has greatly increased in the US, with over 90 percent having type 2. A cross-sectional, self-report survey was conducted for the purpose of assessing characteristics associated with self-management of type 2 diabetes (attitudes, certain behaviors, and perceived knowledge) among low-income Caucasian and African-American adults enrolled in the Food Stamp Nutrition Education Program (FSNEP). At the time of the study, almost 11 percent of FSNEP adult participants (457 individuals) throughout the state had type 2 diabetes. Among 196 subjects interviewed for the study, 86 were Caucasian (44%) and 100 (51%) were African-American. Results indicated that over three-fourths of subjects had been counseled on diet and exercise, but less that half were following dietary recommendations and only one-fourth were getting adequate exercise. No significant differences were found between the two race groups on assessed characteristics or among subjects grouped by place of residence (p less than or equal to 0.01). Significant correlations were found among subjects' characteristics, including perceived health status, perceived knowledge of diabetes, attitudes towards diabetes, meal-plan adherence, perceived barriers to physical activity, and reported diabetes control (p less than or equal to 0.0001). Findings imply that (a) self-management education for type 2 diabetes does not need to be different for African-Americans vs. Caucasians in southern states and (b) best disease control is achieved when those with type 2 diabetes have a high degree of knowledge of diabetes, positive attitudes, good meal plan adherence, and few perceived barriers to physical activity.