Archaea dominate oxic subseafloor communities over multimillion-year time scales
Archaea dominate oxic subseafloor communities over multimillion-year time scales
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aaw4108
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发表时间：
2019-06
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
A. Vuillemin;S. Wankel;Ö. Coskun;Tobias Magritsch;S. Vargas;E. Estes;A. Spivack;David C. Smith;R. Pockalny;R. Murray;S. D’Hondt;W. Orsi
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文献类型：
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作者：
A. Vuillemin;S. Wankel;Ö. Coskun;Tobias Magritsch;S. Vargas;E. Estes;A. Spivack;David C. Smith;R. Pockalny;R. Murray;S. D’Hondt;W. Orsi
海洋生物通过最大限度地减少能量损失，数百万年来一直统治着海底下的含氧生物群落。氨氧化古菌（AOA）在北大西洋数百万年来沉积的含氧海底沉积物中占主导地位。硝化率与这些占主导地位的AOA种群的丰度，其代谢的特点是氨氧化，有机氮，脱氨，和积极有效的chemolithoautotrophic羟基丙酸/羟基丁酸碳固定循环的混合营养利用。因此，这些AOA有可能通过有机氮的兼养脱氨作用耦合兼养和化能自养代谢，然后氧化再生氨以获得额外的能量来燃料碳固定。这种代谢特征可能会减少能量损失，并在能量匮乏的有氧条件下改善AOA适应性，从而使它们能够在数百万年内击败其他类群。
Archaea have dominated oxic subseafloor communities for millions of years by minimizing energy loss. Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) dominate microbial communities throughout oxic subseafloor sediment deposited over millions of years in the North Atlantic Ocean. Rates of nitrification correlated with the abundance of these dominant AOA populations, whose metabolism is characterized by ammonia oxidation, mixotrophic utilization of organic nitrogen, deamination, and the energetically efficient chemolithoautotrophic hydroxypropionate/hydroxybutyrate carbon fixation cycle. These AOA thus have the potential to couple mixotrophic and chemolithoautotrophic metabolism via mixotrophic deamination of organic nitrogen, followed by oxidation of the regenerated ammonia for additional energy to fuel carbon fixation. This metabolic feature likely reduces energy loss and improves AOA fitness under energy-starved, oxic conditions, thereby allowing them to outcompete other taxa for millions of years.