Evaluation of distributed BMPs in an urban watershed—High resolution modeling for stormwater management
Evaluation of distributed BMPs in an urban watershed—High resolution modeling for stormwater management
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.11177
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发表时间：
2015-12
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
T. Fry;R. Maxwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Fry;R. Maxwell
城市环境改变了水文循环，导致径流率、流量和峰值流量增加。绿色基础设施采用最佳管理实践（BMPs），是一种自然系统方法，用于减轻城市化对雨水径流的影响。来自城市环境的雨水径流模式很复杂，目前还不清楚绿色基础设施将如何有效地改善城市水循环。这些挑战来自规模问题，BMPs的优点取决于从社区到城市流域汇总的小尺度水文过程的变化。在这里，我们使用城市水文循环的高分辨率（1 m）、基于物理的水文模型，并明确包含建筑环境。该模型代表了BMP尺度（~1 m）的水文变化，并明确代表了每个单独的BMP，以代表城市流域的响应。我们的研究变化的BMP安置的百分比和它们的空间位置的风暴事件的强度增加，在城市流域。我们开发了一个度量的有效性，表明BMP安置百分比和风暴强度之间的非线性关系。结果表明，BMP的有效性随空间位置而变化，城市流域内的类型和安置可能比整体百分比更重要。
The urban environment modifies the hydrologic cycle resulting in increased runoff rates, volumes, and peak flows. Green infrastructure, which uses best management practices (BMPs), is a natural system approach used to mitigate the impacts of urbanization onto stormwater runoff. Patterns of stormwater runoff from urban environments are complex, and it is unclear how efficiently green infrastructure will improve the urban water cycle. These challenges arise from issues of scale, the merits of BMPs depend on changes to small‐scale hydrologic processes aggregated up from the neighborhood to the urban watershed. Here, we use a hyper‐resolution (1 m), physically based hydrologic model of the urban hydrologic cycle with explicit inclusion of the built environment. This model represents the changes to hydrology at the BMP scale (~1 m) and represents each individual BMP explicitly to represent response over the urban watershed. Our study varies both the percentage of BMP emplacement and their spatial location for storm events of increasing intensity in an urban watershed. We develop a metric of effectiveness that indicates a nonlinear relationship that is seen between percent BMP emplacement and storm intensity. Results indicate that BMP effectiveness varies with spatial location and that type and emplacement within the urban watershed may be more important than overall percent.