Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones.
Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones.
复制标题
通过视杆细胞和视锥细胞的随机池描述小鼠视觉皮层颜色和形状的联合表示。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00138.2022
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Nauhaus,Ian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rhim,Issac;Nauhaus,Ian
颜色的空间转变可以帮助任何视觉感知任务，其神经表征，即“颜色和形式的整合”，被认为始于初级视觉皮层（V1）。颜色和形状的整合尚未在小鼠 V1 中进行测试，但研究表明腹侧视网膜提供了来自绿色敏感视杆细胞和紫外线敏感视锥细胞的必要底物。在这里，我们在 V1 中使用双光子成像来测量沿杆和锥对比空间的四个轴的空间频率 (SF) 调谐，包括亮度和颜色。我们首先揭示了 V1 对颜色的敏感度与亮度相似，但平均 SF 调谐对于颜色的低通有显着的偏移。接下来，在线性模型的指导下，我们使用沿所有四个颜色轴的 SF 调整来估计属于经典颜色对抗模型（即“单”、“双”和“非对抗”）的神经元的比例。很少有神经元（〜6％）符合双重对抗的标准，这是针对彩色边界进行独特调整的。大多数群体可以描述为单峰分布，范围从强烈的单一对手到非对手。与最近对啮齿动物和灵长类动物视网膜的研究一致，我们的 V1 数据通过一个简单的模型得到了很好的描述，其中 V1 的 ON 和 OFF 通道对光感受器马赛克进行随机采样。最后，一项将颜色对抗与首选方向和视网膜拓扑进行比较的分析进一步验证了视杆细胞，而不是视锥细胞 M-视蛋白，作为上视野中视锥细胞 S-视蛋白的对手。新的和值得注意的这项研究是第一个表明小鼠 V1 对紫外绿颜色对比度高度敏感的研究。此外，它还提供了“颜色对立”的详细表征，这是颜色感知的假定神经基础。最后，使用极其简单但新颖的随机接线模型，我们解释了我们的观察结果。
Spatial transitions in color can aid any visual perception task, and its neural representation, the “integration of color and form,” is thought to begin at primary visual cortex (V1). Integration of color and form is untested in mouse V1, yet studies show that the ventral retina provides the necessary substrate from green-sensitive rods and ultraviolet-sensitive cones. Here, we used two-photon imaging in V1 to measure spatial frequency (SF) tuning along four axes of rod and cone contrast space, including luminance and color. We first reveal that V1’s sensitivity to color is similar to luminance, yet average SF tuning is significantly shifted lowpass for color. Next, guided by linear models, we used SF tuning along all four color axes to estimate the proportion of neurons that fall into classic models of color opponency, i.e., “single-,” “double-,” and “non-opponent.” Few neurons (∼6%) fit the criteria for double opponency, which are uniquely tuned for chromatic borders. Most of the population can be described as a unimodal distribution ranging from strongly single-opponent to non-opponent. Consistent with recent studies of the rodent and primate retina, our V1 data are well-described by a simple model in which ON and OFF channels to V1 sample the photoreceptor mosaic randomly. Finally, an analysis comparing color opponency to preferred orientation and retinotopy further validates rods, and not cone M-opsin, as opponent with cone S-opsin in the upper visual field.NEW & NOTEWORTHYThis study is the first to show that mouse V1 is highly sensitive to UV-green color contrast. Furthermore, it provides a detailed characterization of “color opponency,” which is the putative neural basis for color perception. Finally, using an extremely simple yet novel random wiring model, we account for our observations.