Current views on type 2 diabetes.
Current views on type 2 diabetes.
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DOI：
10.1677/joe-09-0260
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发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sun Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin Y;Sun Z
2型糖尿病（T2 DM）影响着全球范围内的大量人群。T2 DM是一组复杂的异质性代谢疾病，包括高血糖症和胰岛素作用和/或胰岛素分泌受损。T2 DM导致多个器官或组织的功能障碍。目前的T2 DM理论包括肌肉中胰岛素介导的葡萄糖摄取缺陷、胰腺β细胞功能障碍、脂肪细胞分泌功能破坏和肝脏中胰岛素作用受损。人类T2 DM的病因是多因素的，遗传背景和身体活动不足是两个关键因素。T2 DM的发病机制尚未完全清楚。2型糖尿病动物模型的建立对研究糖尿病的发病机制和寻找新的治疗方法具有重要意义。尽管不同的动物模型具有相似的特征，但每种模型都模拟了人类T2 DM中发生的遗传、内分泌、代谢和形态学变化的特定方面。本文综述了T2 DM的研究进展和理论基础，并对研究其发病机制的动物模型进行了综述。
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects a large population worldwide. T2DM is a complex heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia and impaired insulin action and/or insulin secretion. T2DM causes dysfunctions in multiple organs or tissues. Current theories of T2DM include a defect in insulin-mediated glucose uptake in muscle, a dysfunction of the pancreatic β-cells, a disruption of secretory function of adipocytes, and an impaired insulin action in liver. The etiology of human T2DM is multifactorial, with genetic background and physical inactivity as two critical components. The pathogenesis of T2DM is not fully understood. Animal models of T2DM have been proved to be useful to study the pathogenesis of, and to find a new therapy for, the disease. Although different animal models share similar characteristics, each mimics a specific aspect of genetic, endocrine, metabolic, and morphologic changes that occur in human T2DM. The purpose of this review is to provide the recent progress and current theories in T2DM and to summarize animal models for studying the pathogenesis of the disease.