Synaptic mechanisms of adaptation and sensitization in the retina.

Synaptic mechanisms of adaptation and sensitization in the retina.
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视网膜适应和致敏的突触机制。

DOI:
10.1038/nn.3408
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发表时间:
2013-07
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Lagnado, Leon
Lagnado, Leon
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nikolaev, Anton;Leung, Kin-Mei;Odermatt, Benjamin;Lagnado, Leon

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感觉系统不断调整刺激的处理方式。这种可塑性背后的电路机制是什么?我们研究了斑马鱼视网膜中的突触如何通过体内成像活动来调整视觉刺激的时间对比度的变化。随着对比度的增加,具有强初始反应的双极细胞突触被抑制,而具有弱初始反应的突触被促进。抑制和易化在内层视网膜的不同层次占主导地位,其中双极细胞输出与提供抑制反馈的无长突细胞突触的活动密切相关。GABA能反馈的药理学阻断将促进双极细胞突触转化为抑制突触。这些结果表明,抑郁症内在的双极细胞突触的原因适应的神经节细胞的反应,对比度,而抑郁症的无长突细胞突触引起敏化。分离到视网膜不同层的不同微电路可以引起神经反应增益的同时增加或减少。
Sensory systems continually adjust the way stimuli are processed. What are the circuit mechanisms underlying this plasticity? We investigated how synapses in the retina of zebrafish adjust to changes in the temporal contrast of a visual stimulus by imaging activity in vivo. Following an increase in contrast, bipolar cell synapses with strong initial responses depressed, whereas synapses with weak initial responses facilitated. Depression and facilitation predominated in different strata of the inner retina, where bipolar cell output was anticorrelated with the activity of amacrine cell synapses providing inhibitory feedback. Pharmacological block of GABAergic feedback converted facilitating bipolar cell synapses into depressing ones. These results indicate that depression intrinsic to bipolar cell synapses causes adaptation of the ganglion cell response to contrast, whereas depression in amacrine cell synapses causes sensitization. Distinct microcircuits segregating to different layers of the retina can cause simultaneous increases or decreases in the gain of neural responses.
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