Unmanned aerial vehicle-based monitoring of groundwater inputs to surface waters using an economical thermal infrared camera
Unmanned aerial vehicle-based monitoring of groundwater inputs to surface waters using an economical thermal infrared camera
复制标题
使用经济型热红外相机对地下水输入地表水进行无人机监测
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Pai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Abolt;T. Caldwell;B. Wolaver;H. Pai
抽象的。向溪流排放地下水有助于在干旱期间保持水流，并为热敏感物种提供避难所，因为相对恒定的泉水温度可以缓冲河流的昼夜和季节波动。基于无人驾驶飞行器(UAV)的热成像是监测地下水-地表水混合地点的一个有吸引力的选择。然而，使用经济的热传感器对获得稳定的用于镶嵌的数据集提出了几个挑战。在这里，我们提出了一种利用安装在小型无人机上的廉价的、非制冷的微测辐射热计来获取和后处理春季泄洪点的热红外图像的方法。该过程包括初始估计和消除传感器输出中的像素偏差，然后通过优化在多帧内检测到的地面特征处的信号的稳定性来补偿传感器的时间漂移。我们通过在德克萨斯州的一条依赖地下水的河流魔鬼河的案例研究来说明这一方法。与使用更昂贵的热像仪系统获取的图像进行比较，发现我们的方法生成的最终马赛克图像更一致。热像仪系统旨在利用相机内部温度知识来补偿数据采集时的传感器漂移。稳定数据集中的信号与地面水温测量之间的良好线性拟合(R2 = 0.97)突出表明，该方法有可能以低廉的成本在具有生态重要性的河流河段制作高质量的地表温度地图。
Abstract. Groundwater discharge into streams helps maintain flows during droughts and provides refugia for thermally sensitive species, as the relatively constant temperature of spring water buffers against instream diurnal and seasonal fluctuations. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based thermal imagery represents an attractive option to monitor sites of groundwater-surface water mixing. However, the use of economical thermal sensors presents several challenges to obtaining a stable dataset for mosaicking. Here, we present a method for acquiring and postprocessing thermal infrared imagery at spring discharge sites using an inexpensive, uncooled microbolometer mounted on a small UAV. The procedure involves initial estimation and removal of pixel bias from the sensor output, and then compensation for temporal sensor drift by optimizing the stability of the signal at ground features detected within multiple frames. We illustrate this approach by presenting a case study at the Devils River, a groundwater dependent stream in Texas. Comparison with imagery acquired using a more expensive thermal camera system, designed to compensate for sensor drift at the time of data acquisition using knowledge of internal camera temperature, reveals that our method produces a more consistent final mosaic image. A good linear fit (r2 = 0.97) between the signal in the stabilized dataset and ground-based measurements of water temperature underscores the potential for this method to inexpensively produce high quality maps of surface temperature in ecologically important stream reaches.
改进无 TEC 微测辐射热计红外相机的无快门补偿方法
DOI：
10.1117/12.2177003
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
A. Tempelhahn;H. Budzier;V. Krause;G. Gerlach
通讯作者：
G. Gerlach