Assessing carbon dioxide emission reduction potentials of improved manufacturing processes using multiregional input output frameworks
Assessing carbon dioxide emission reduction potentials of improved manufacturing processes using multiregional input output frameworks
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.062
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
H. Ward;M. Burger;Ya-Ju Chang;P. Fürstmann;S. Neugebauer;Alexander Radebach;G. Sproesser;A. Pittner;M. Rethmeier;E. Uhlmann;J. Steckel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Ward;M. Burger;Ya-Ju Chang;P. Fürstmann;S. Neugebauer;Alexander Radebach;G. Sproesser;A. Pittner;M. Rethmeier;E. Uhlmann;J. Steckel
在过去的几十年里，评估创新的工艺技术变得非常重要。作为标准工具，不同的生命周期评估方法已经建立，并在不断改进。虽然这些是为评估单一过程而设计的，但当涉及到在宏观经济层面评估过程创新的环境影响时，它们会遇到困难。在本文中，我们开发了一个基于多区域投入产出数据的多步骤评估框架，考虑到全球经济的网络特征，该框架允许估计新工艺技术的宏观经济影响。我们的程序如下：1)我们测量工艺替代材料使用的差异，2)我们确定标准工艺在经济网络中的位置，并用创新的工艺技术替代标准工艺，3)我们考虑经济系统内的变化并评估对排放的影响。在本文中，我们举例地将该方法应用于最近开发的两种创新技术：纵向大直径钢管焊接和耐高温材料车削。虽然我们发现非常具体的工艺创新的宏观经济影响很小，但它的结论与传统的基于工艺的方法有很大的不同。此外，从方法中获得的信息为决策者提供了相关的额外见解，扩展了从传统过程生命周期评估中获得的信息。
Evaluating innovative process technologies has become highly important within the last decades. As standard tools different Life Cycle Assessment methods have been established, which are continuously improved. While those are designed for evaluating single processes they run into difficulties when it comes to assessing environmental impacts of process innovations at macroeconomic level. In this paper we develop a multi-step evaluation framework building on multi regional input–output data that allows estimating macroeconomic impacts of new process technologies, considering the network characteristics of the global economy.Our procedure is as follows: i) we measure differences in material usage of process alternatives, ii) we identify where the standard processes are located within economic networks and virtually replace those by innovative process technologies, iii) we account for changes within economic systems and evaluate impacts on emissions.Within this paper we exemplarily apply the methodology to two recently developed innovative technologies: longitudinal large diameter steel pipe welding and turning of high-temperature resistant materials. While we find the macroeconomic impacts of very specific process innovations to be small, its conclusions can significantly differ from traditional process based approaches. Furthermore, information gained from the methodology provides relevant additional insights for decision makers extending the picture gained from traditional process life cycle assessment.