On the susceptibility of adaptive memory to false memory illusions
On the susceptibility of adaptive memory to false memory illusions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2009.12.016
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Derbish, Mary H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howe, Mark L.;Derbish, Mary H.
先前的研究已经表明，与生存相关的单词列表处理可以增强对这些材料的记忆。然而，只有在测量了对中性材料的真实回忆和识别后，才能检验与生存相关的记忆更准确的说法。在目前的实验中，我们考察了不同类型的加工和材料的适应性记忆优势效应，通过比较真实和错误的回忆率来更直接地测量准确性。使用包含中性、负面和与生存相关的关键诱饵的向后关联的单词列表来检验与生存相关的信息和加工，并且使用附带记忆范式改变加工类型(愉悦、移动、生存)。通过四个实验，结果表明，与生存相关的单词比消极的和中性的单词更容易产生虚假记忆错觉，而且独立地处理与生存相关的信息会增加这种错误记忆错觉的易感性。总体而言，尽管与生存相关的处理和与生存相关的信息导致记忆更差，而不是更准确，但这种不准确可能具有适应性意义。这些发现是在错误记忆研究和关于生存过程的重要性和适应性记忆的性质的最新理论的背景下讨论的。(C)2009爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Previous research has shown that survival-related processing of word lists enhances retention for that material. However, the claim that survival-related memories are more accurate has only been examined when true recall and recognition of neutral material has been measured. In the current experiments, we examined the adaptive memory superiority effect for different types of processing and material, measuring accuracy more directly by comparing true and false recollection rates. Survival-related information and processing was examined using word lists containing backward associates of neutral, negative, and survival-related critical lures and type of processing (pleasantness, moving, survival) was varied using an incidental memory paradigm. Across four experiments, results showed that survival-related words were more susceptible than negative and neutral words to the false memory illusion and that processing information in terms of its relevance to survival independently increased this susceptibility to the false memory illusion. Overall, although survival-related processing and survival-related information resulted in poorer, not more accurate, memory, such inaccuracies may have adaptive significance. These findings are discussed in the context of false memory research and recent theories concerning the importance of survival processing and the nature of adaptive memory. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.