Synthesis of branched carbon nanotubes from coal-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1016/j.carbon.2005.12.030

发表时间：

2006-06

期刊：

Carbon

影响因子：

10.9

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

材料科学2区

文献类型：

作者：

Zhiyu Wang;Zongbin Zhao;J. Qiu

具有y型或t型结形态的碳纳米管因其在二维或三维纳米器件中的新性能[1-3]和在纤维增强复合材料[4]中的应用潜力而受到广泛关注。分子间结构或分支结构固有地嵌入到直管茎中可能导致管[5]的电子和机械性能发生显著变化。自1995年首次报道y结碳纳米管[6]以来，为了大量制备支链碳纳米管（BCNTs），人们开发了电弧放电[6]、氧化铝模板[7]、催化烃分解[8-10]和热丝CVD法[4]等方法。与现有的其他方法相比，电弧放电法因其操作简单、方便，且能够生产出具有良好石墨烯基结构的管而得到广泛应用。本文报道了以煤为原料，以铜为催化剂，电弧放电合成碳纳米管的方法。研究发现，在合适的实验条件下，可以大量制备纯度约为70%的BCNTs。在传统的直流电弧放电反应器中，在氦气中进行了制备实验。阳极是高纯度石墨管（外径10毫米，内径8毫米，长150毫米），填充无烟煤（中国云南省）和CuO粉（尺寸小于150 μm）的混合物，阴极是高纯度石墨棒（外径15毫米，长30毫米）。煤炭分析数据如表1所示。在电弧过程中，阴极在电弧放电前后保持不变。在填充阳极管的混合物中，氧化铜粉与煤粉的重量比为3:7。每次运行通常持续约10分钟，电弧放电以直流电流70-80 A，氦电压25-30 V进行

Carbon nanotubes with Y-or T-type junction morphologies have attracted much attention because of the application potential in 2-D or 3-D nanodevice with novel properties [1–3] and in fiber-reinforced composites [4]. The intermolecular or branched structures intrinsically imbedded into the straight tube stems may lead to significant changes in electronic and mechanical properties of the tubes [5]. After the first report about Y-junction carbon nanotubes in 1995 [6], several methods including arc-discharge [6], alumina template [7], catalytic hydrocarbon decomposition [8–10] and hot-filament CVD method [4] have been developed with an aim of making branched carbon nanotubes (BCNTs) in large quantity. In comparison to other methods available now, the arc-discharge approach is still widely used because of its simplicity and convenience in operation and the capability of producing tubes with well-developed graphene-based structures. Here we report the synthesis of BCNTs from coal, the cheapest natural carbon source, by arc-discharge with copper as catalyst. It has been found that BCNTs with a purity of ca. 70% can be obtained in large quantity under suitable experimental conditions.The preparation experiments were carried out in helium in a traditional DC arc-discharge reactor. The anode was a high-purity graphite tube (10 mm outside diameter, 8 mm inside diameter and 150 mm in length) filled with a mixture of anthracite coal (from Yunnan Province, China) and CuO powder (smaller than 150 μm in size) while the cathode was a high purity graphite rod (15 mm outside diameter, 30 mm in length). The analysis data of coal is shown in Table 1. During the arcing process, the cathode remained the same before and after the arc discharge. The weight ratio of CuO powder to coal powder in the mixture for filling the anode tube was 3: 7. For each run that normally lasted about 10 min, the arc discharge was conducted with DC current of 70–80 A and voltage of 25–30 V in helium at

Synthesis of branched carbon nanotubes from coal

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