Non-volatile electric control of spin-charge conversion in a SrTiO3 Rashba system
Non-volatile electric control of spin-charge conversion in a SrTiO3 Rashba system
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-020-2197-9
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Attane, Jean-Philippe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Noel, Paul;Trier, Felix;Attane, Jean-Philippe
类铁电态的极化方向可以用来控制钛酸锶（一种非磁性氧化物）表面自旋电流向电荷电流的转换。经过50年的发展，今天的电子技术正在接近其物理极限，特征尺寸小于10纳米。越来越清楚的是，信息和通信系统(1)不断增长的电力消耗需要得到控制。这两个因素需要引入非传统材料和状态变量。正如最近所强调的(2)，铁质系统中与集体开关相关的剩余物是降低功耗的一种有吸引力的方法。自旋电子学是一种很有前途的方法，它依靠铁磁体提供非挥发性，并产生和检测自旋电流(3)。然而，自旋转移扭矩(4)的磁化反转是一个耗电的过程。这推动了多铁质材料的研究，以实现低功率电场对磁化的控制(5)，但实用材料稀缺，磁电开关仍然难以控制。在这里，我们展示了一种在非磁性系统中实现低功率自旋检测的替代策略。我们利用电场诱导的钛酸锶（SrTiO3）的类铁电态（6-9）来操纵二维电子气体（11）的自旋轨道特性（10），并根据极化方向有效地将自旋电流转换为正电荷或负电荷电流。这种非易失性效应为自旋电流的电场控制和超低功率自旋电子学开辟了道路，其中非易失性将由铁电性而不是铁磁性提供。
The polarization direction of a ferroelectric-like state can be used to control the conversion of spin currents into charge currents at the surface of strontium titanate, a non-magnetic oxide.After 50 years of development, the technology of today's electronics is approaching its physical limits, with feature sizes smaller than 10 nanometres. It is also becoming clear that the ever-increasing power consumption of information and communication systems(1) needs to be contained. These two factors require the introduction of non-traditional materials and state variables. As recently highlighted(2), the remanence associated with collective switching in ferroic systems is an appealing way to reduce power consumption. A promising approach is spintronics, which relies on ferromagnets to provide non-volatility and to generate and detect spin currents(3). However, magnetization reversal by spin transfer torques(4) is a power-consuming process. This is driving research on multiferroics to achieve low-power electric-field control of magnetization(5), but practical materials are scarce and magnetoelectric switching remains difficult to control. Here we demonstrate an alternative strategy to achieve low-power spin detection, in a non-magnetic system. We harness the electric-field-induced ferroelectric-like state of strontium titanate (SrTiO3)(6-9) to manipulate the spin-orbit properties(10) of a two-dimensional electron gas(11), and efficiently convert spin currents into positive or negative charge currents, depending on the polarization direction. This non-volatile effect opens the way to the electric-field control of spin currents and to ultralow-power spintronics, in which non-volatility would be provided by ferroelectricity rather than by ferromagnetism.