Efficacy of side air bags in reducing driver deaths in driver-side collisions
Efficacy of side air bags in reducing driver deaths in driver-side collisions
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwh087
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发表时间：
2004-03-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kyrychenko, SY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braver, ER;Kyrychenko, SY
侧气囊是一种相对较新的技术，旨在保护头部和/或躯干在侧面碰撞碰撞，正变得越来越普遍的汽车。他们在防止美国驾驶员死亡的汽车击中近（司机）侧的有效性进行了检查，使用数据从死亡分析报告系统和一般估计系统。计算了1999-2001年期间，相对于没有侧气囊的汽车，1997-2002年车型年的汽车中头部/躯干和仅躯干侧气囊的驾驶员死亡风险比。通过调整前后碰撞死亡率的近侧风险比来解决混淆问题，这不受侧气囊的影响。头部/躯干气囊的风险比为0.55（95%置信区间：0.43，0.71），仅躯干气囊的风险比为0.89（95%置信区间：0.79，1.01）。当装有头部/躯干安全气囊的汽车被汽车/小型货车（重要）或皮卡/运动型多用途车（不重要）撞击时，风险降低。两车相撞以及男性驾驶员和16-64岁驾驶员的风险降低。在单车碰撞中以及男性和16至64岁的司机中观察到了与仅限躯干的安全气囊相关的保护作用。头部/躯干侧安全气囊似乎是非常有效的，在减少近侧驾驶员死亡，而躯干只有安全气囊似乎保护较少。
Side air bags, a relatively new technology designed to protect the head and/or torso in side-impact collisions, are becoming increasingly common in automobiles. Their efficacy in preventing US driver deaths among cars struck on the near (driver's) side was examined using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Estimates System. Risk ratios for driver death per nearside collision during 1999-2001 were computed for head/torso and torso-only side air bags in cars from model years 1997-2002, relative to cars without side air bags. Confounding was addressed by adjusting nearside risk ratios for front- and rear-impact mortality, which is unaffected by side air bags. Risk ratios were 0.55 (95% confidence interval: 0.43, 0.71) for head/torso air bags and 0.89 (95% confidence interval: 0.79, 1.01) for torso-only air bags. Risk was reduced when cars with head/torso air bags were struck by cars/minivans (significant) or pickup trucks/sport utility vehicles (nonsignificant). Risk was reduced in two-vehicle collisions and among male drivers and drivers aged 16-64 years. Protective effects associated with torso-only air bags were observed in single-vehicle crashes and among male and 16- to 64-year-old drivers. Head/torso side air bags appear to be very effective in reducing nearside driver deaths, whereas torso-only air bags appear less protective.