Assessment of public health risks associated with atmospheric exposure to PM2.5 in Washington, DC, USA.
Assessment of public health risks associated with atmospheric exposure to PM2.5 in Washington, DC, USA.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph2006030010
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发表时间：
2006-03
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Morris VR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Greene NA;Morris VR
在这项研究中，我们调查了华盛顿地区不同亚群（黑人，白色，西班牙裔，青年，成年人和老年人）与大气暴露于PM2.5相关的公共健康风险。华盛顿长期以来一直被认为是一个不健康的地方生活根据美国肺脏协会由于其空气质量差。这一认识显然包括该区域内与PM相关的负面人类健康影响。具体而言，DC细颗粒物（PM2.5）[或空气动力学直径小于2.5 μm的颗粒物]对亚群构成显著的健康风险，1999-2004年期间的年平均值为16.70 μg/m3，超过了EPA国家环境空气质量标准（NAAQS）的15 μg/m3。暴露于显著水平的PM之前与有害的健康影响有关，例如心脏和肺部疾病。华盛顿的环境质量和公共卫生统计数据表明，需要更高分辨率的排放测量，空间和时间，并增加PM相关的健康影响的分析。我们的研究结果表明，有病房特定的儿科哮喘急诊室访问（ERV）的显着风险。研究结果还表明，在华盛顿特区选定的病房中，代表许多亚群的颗粒物和重金属（铬和砷）的测量水平超过了1×10−6阈值。
In this research, we investigated the public health risks associated with atmospheric exposure to PM2.5 for different subpopulations (black, white, Hispanic, youth, adults, and elderly) in the Washington, DC area. Washington, DC has long been considered a non-healthy place to live according to the American Lung Association due to its poor air quality. This recognition clearly includes the negative PM-related human health effects within the region. Specifically, DC fine particulate matter (PM2.5) [or particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm] poses notable health risks to subpopulations having an annual mean value of 16.70 μg/m3 during the years 1999–2004, exceeding the EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 15 μg/m3. Incessant exposure to significant levels of PM has previously been linked to deleterious health effects, such as heart and lung diseases. The environmental quality and public health statistics of Washington, DC indicate the need for higher-resolution measurements of emissions, both spatially and temporally, and increased analysis of PM-related health effects. Our findings show that there are significant risks of ward-specific pediatric asthma emergency room visits (ERV). Results also illustrate lifetime excess lung cancer risks, exceeding the 1×10−6 threshold for the measured levels of particulate matter and heavy metals (chromium and arsenic) on behalf of numerous subpopulations in the DC selected wards.