Sniffing behavior of mice during performance in odor-guided tasks
Sniffing behavior of mice during performance in odor-guided tasks
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DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjn029
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wachowiak, Matt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wesson, Daniel W.;Donahou, Tanya N.;Wachowiak, Matt
嗅闻是一种通过鼻子有节奏地吸入和呼出空气的行为，这种行为被认为在塑造神经系统如何表达和处理气味信息方面起着关键作用。虽然老鼠已经成为研究嗅觉的重要模型，但人们对老鼠的嗅探行为知之甚少。在这里，我们通过测量行为小鼠的鼻内压力瞬态来表征小鼠的嗅探行为。在非结构化探索行为和执行3种常用的嗅觉范式时监测嗅探：习惯化/非习惯化任务、基于挖沙的识别任务和基于鼻子戳的识别任务。我们发现，静止小鼠的呼吸频率范围为3至5赫兹，高于大鼠的报道。在勘探过程中，嗅探频率增加到接近12 Hz，并且高度动态，频率、幅度和波形变化迅速。嗅探行为在不同任务之间以及每个任务的不同行为阶段差异很大。例如，进行挖掘任务的老鼠在挖掘之前嗅嗅的频率几乎没有增加，而进行鼻子戳任务的老鼠则有明显的增加。在所有任务中，老鼠在奖励前嗅嗅的频率都大幅增加。在无气味引导的任务中，老鼠的嗅探频率也有所增加。这些结果表明，小鼠的嗅探行为是高度动态的，随着行为环境的变化而变化，并且受到嗅觉和非嗅觉事件的强烈调节。
Sniffing, a rhythmic inhalation and exhalation of air through the nose, is a behavior thought to play a critical role in shaping how odor information is represented and processed by the nervous system. Although the mouse has become a prominent model for studying olfaction, little is known about sniffing behavior in mice. Here, we characterized mouse sniffing behavior by measuring intranasal pressure transients in behaving mice. Sniffing was monitored during unstructured exploratory behavior and during performance of 3 commonly used olfactory paradigms: a habituation/dishabituation task, a sand digging-based discrimination task, and a nose poke-based discrimination task. We found that respiration frequencies in quiescent mice ranged from 3 to 5 Hz-higher than that reported for rats. During exploration, sniff frequency increased up to similar to 12 Hz and was highly dynamic, with rapid changes in frequency, amplitude, and waveform. Sniffing behavior varied strongly between tasks as well as for different behavioral epochs of each task. For example, mice performing the digging-based task showed little increase in sniff frequency prior to digging, whereas mice performing a nose poke-based task showed robust increases. Mice showed large increases in sniff frequency prior to reward delivery in all tasks. Mice also showed increases in sniff frequency when nose poking in a nonodor-guided task. These results show that mouse sniffing behavior is highly dynamic, varies with behavioral context, and is strongly modulated by olfactory as well as nonolfactory events.