Innate and adaptive immunity through autophagy.

Innate and adaptive immunity through autophagy.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.immuni.2007.07.004
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发表时间:
2007-07
期刊:
影响因子:
32.4
通讯作者:
Münz C
Münz C
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schmid D;Münz C

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真核细胞的两种主要蛋白水解机器,溶酶体和蛋白酶体,通过不同的途径接收底物。多泛素化靶向蛋白质进行蛋白酶体降解,而自噬递送细胞内物质进行溶酶体水解。自噬对细胞存活的重要性早已被认识,但最近,其在先天性和适应性免疫中的重要作用已被表征。自噬现在被认为可以限制病毒感染和细胞内细菌和寄生虫的复制。此外,该途径将用于MHC II类呈递的细胞质抗原递送至适应性免疫系统,然后适应性免疫系统又能够调节自噬。同时,自噬在T细胞的存活和细胞死亡中起作用。因此,免疫系统利用细胞质物质的自噬降解来限制细胞内病原体并调节适应性免疫。
The two main proteolytic machineries of eukaryotic cells, lysosomes and proteasomes, receive substrates by different routes. Polyubiquitination targets proteins for proteasomal degradation, whereas autophagy delivers intracellular material for lysosomal hydrolysis. The importance of autophagy for cell survival has long been appreciated, but more recently, its essential role in both innate and adaptive immunity has been characterized. Autophagy is now recognized to restrict viral infections and replication of intracellular bacteria and parasites. Additionally, this pathway delivers cytoplasmic antigens for MHC class II presentation to the adaptive immune system, which then in turn is able to regulate autophagy. At the same time, autophagy plays a role in the survival and the cell death of T cells. Thus, the immune system utilizes autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic material, to both restrict intracellular pathogens and regulate adaptive immunity.
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