Validity of regression-based norms: An empirical test of the comprehensive norms with older adults
Validity of regression-based norms: An empirical test of the comprehensive norms with older adults
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DOI：
10.1076/jcen.20.6.906.1104
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Fastenau, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fastenau, PS
本研究实证检验了Fastenau和亚当斯（1996）关于使用基于回归的规范（RBN）对人口统计影响进行统计学校正的担忧。一个广泛使用的RBN系统（希顿，格兰特，和马修斯，1991年）被应用到63名健康的老年人的分数进行连线测试，波士顿测验，和威斯康星州卡片分类测试（WCST）。年龄对所有测试的影响几乎都被RBN消除了，而教育影响则是由RBN（受过更好教育的老年人受到规范的惩罚）创造的。使用WCST手册修订版中的RBN也会造成扭曲，对年龄的过度校正。这些发现使人们对统计回归产生的规范产生了相当大的怀疑，因为没有足够的人数支持每个人口单元。在临床上，这些规范可能导致老年人的假阴性（或漏诊）率更高，特别是那些受教育程度较低的人，尤其是60多岁的女性。
This study empirically tested Fastenau and Adams' (1996) concerns about using regression-based norms (RBN) to statistically correct for demographic influences. A widely used RBN system (Heaton, Grant, & Matthews, 1991) was applied to scores from 63 healthy older adults for the Trail Making Test, Boston Naming Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Age influences on all tests were virtually eliminated by the RBNs, whereas education influences were created by the RBN (better educated older adults penalized by the norms). Using RBNs from the Revised WCST Manual also created distortions, far overcorrecting for age. These findings cast considerable suspicion on norms that are generated by statistical regression when there are not adequate numbers of people supporting each demographic cell. Clinically, these norms can lead to higher rates of false negatives (or missed diagnoses) in older adults, especially those with less education and especially women in their 60s.