Blood lead in the general population in Poland
Blood lead in the general population in Poland
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DOI：
10.1007/s004200050050
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Starek, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jakubowski, M;TrzcinkaOchocka, M;Starek, A
对没有大型工业铅排放源的波兰五个城镇的 1122 名居民（包括 555 名 10 岁以下儿童）（第一组）和生活在锌厂和铜厂附近的 1246 人（707 名 10 岁以下儿童）（第二组）进行了静脉血铅浓度 (Pb-B) 的调查。使用电热原子吸收光谱法（ETAAS）对样品进行分析，并且执行实验室在研究期间（1992-1994）参与了外部质量控制计划。在第一组中，女性Pb-B的平均几何浓度范围为23.8至48.3μg/l，男性为42.5至76.8μg/l，儿童为29.9至62.5μg/l。在第二组中，平均几何Pb-B浓度显着较高，女性为49.4至105微克/升，男性为98.5至149微克/升，儿童为73.7至114微克/升，这些值随着距排放源距离的增加而降低。研究发现，吸烟会导致男性和女性的 Pb-B 水平显着升高。母亲和儿童的 Pb-B 浓度之间存在显着相关性。对于第一组，儿童和母亲的 Pb-B 浓度之比约为 1.0，对于第二组，约为 0.5。这些发现表明有必要对铅污染地区采取预防活动。然而，波兰的铅危害似乎与点排放源有关，因此并不涉及整个人口。
Lead concentration in venous blood (Pb-B) was investigated in 1122 inhabitants (including 555 children under 10 years of age) of five Polish towns with no large industrial lead emitters (group I) and in 1246 persons (707 children under 10 years of age) living in the vicinity of zinc and copper mills (group II). The samples were analysed using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) and the performing laboratory participated in the external quality control scheme during the study period (1992-1994). In group I the mean geometric Pb-B concentrations ranged from 23.8 to 48.3 mu g/l in females, from 42.5 to 76.8 mu g/l in males and from 29.9 to 62.5 mu g/l in children. In group II, the mean geometric Pb-B concentrations were significantly higher and ranged from 49.4 to 105 mu g/l in females, from 98.5 to 149 mu g/l in males and from 73.7 to 114 mu g/l in children, the values decreasing as the distance from the source of emission increased. Cigarette smoking was found to bring about a significant increase in Pb-B levels for both males and females. A significant correlation was noted between Pb-B concentrations in mothers and children. The ratio between child and maternal Pb-B concentrations amounted to approximately 1.0 for group I and to about 0.5 for group II. These findings indicate the necessity of undertaking preventive activities over the lead-contaminated areas, However, the lead hazard in Poland seems to be associated with point sources of emission and hence does not concern the whole population.